Pop quiz 3

Question 1

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 1

Right side of heart, deoxygenated blood to lungs, returns to the left side

Question 2

Systematic Circulation

Answer 2

Left side of heart, oxygenated blood to remaining tissues of the body , deoxygenated blood returns to right side

Question 3

Heart functions

Answer 3

• Generates blood pressure
• Routes blood between pulmonary and systematic circulations
• Maintains one-way flow using valves
• Regulates blood supply by adjusting heart rate and contraction strength based on tissue need.

Question 4

Fibrous pericrdium

Answer 4

Tough fibrous outer layer

Question 5

Serous pericardium

Answer 5

Thin, transparent inner layer

Question 5

Epicardium

Answer 5

Smooth outer surface of heart (Visceral pericardium) (Serous membrane)

Question 6

Myocardium

Answer 6

Middle layer, composed of cardiac muscle cells and responsible for heart contracting

Question 7

Endocardium

Answer 7

Smooth inner surface of heart chambers

Question 8

Heart wall layers

Answer 8

Epicardium: outer
Myocardium: middle
Endocardium: inner

Question 9

Left coronary artery

Answer 9

exits aorta just above where the aorta leaves the heart.

Question 10

Anterior interventricular artery

Answer 10

(left anterior descending artery) in anterior interventricular sulcus; supplies anterior heart.

Question 11

Posterior interventricular artery

Answer 11

Lies in posterior interventricular sulcus, supplies posterior and inferior aspects of heart.

Question 12

anastomoses

Answer 12

direct connections between arteries.

Question 13

Great cardiac vein

Answer 13

Drains blood from the left side of the heart

Question 14

Small cardiac vein

Answer 14

Drains blood from right ventricle of the heart

Question 15

Coronary sinus

Answer 15

Veins empty here then into the right atrium

Question 16

Right atrium

Answer 16

Three major openings to receive blood returning from the body and heart (superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus)

Question 17

Left atrium

Answer 17

four openings that receive blood from pulmonary veins.

Question 18

Interatrial septum

Answer 18

Wall between atria

Question 19

Atrioventricular canals

Answer 19

Openings between atria and respective ventricles

Question 20

Right ventricle opens to

Answer 20

Opens to pulmonary trunk

Question 20

Left ventricle

Answer 20

opens to aorta

Question 21

INterventricular septum

Answer 21

Wall between ventricles

Question 21

atriventricular valves

Answer 21

• leaf like cusps that are attached to papillary miscles and chordae tendinae (tricuspid, bicuspid)
• Blood flowing from atria into ventricles, pushes the AV valves open; contraction of the ventricles pushed blood up to close the AV valves.

Question 22

Semilunar valves

Answer 22

(pulmonary, aortic) When cuspids are filled, valve is
closed; when cuspids s are empty, valve is open. Blood pushed out of the ventricles, opens the SL valves. As ventricles relax, backflow of blood, filles the cusps and closes the valves.

Question 23

Pulmonary circulation blood movement

Answer 23

1. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium from the systemic circulation through the superior and inferior venae cavae and coronary sinus.

2. Blood flows into the relaxed right ventricle. The right atrium contracts to push in more blood into right ventricle.

3. The right ventricle contracts, closing the tricuspid valve and opening the pulmonary semilunar valve, sending blood to the pulmonary trunk.

4. Blood travels through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs, where it gets oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.

Question 24

Systematic circulation blood flow

Answer 24

1. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.

2. Blood moves into the left ventricle through the bicuspid valve. The left atrium contracts to finish filling the ventricle.

3. The left ventricle contracts, closing the bicuspid valve and opening the aortic semilunar valve.

4. Blood flows into the aorta and is distributed to the body.

Question 25

Actin

Answer 25

• G/F actin