POP GEN

Question 1

Pop Gen

Answer 1

Study of evolution by

• determining genetic change btw pop
• establishing the most likely cause

Question 2

Panmixia

Answer 2

single, randomly mixed pop where an ind is = likely to mate with any member of the opp sex

Question 3

Allele Frequency

Answer 3

Prop of specific allele to ALL alleles in ALL ind in the pop

defines the pop gene pool

Question 4

Genotypic Frequency

Answer 4

Proportion of a specific genotype relative to ALL genotypes in ALL ind in the pop

Question 5

Hierarchy of genetic diversity

Answer 5

Ind- allelic, haplotypes, heterozygosity
Within pop- allelic, ave heterozygosity, ave # polymorphic loci
Among Pop- differentiation and genetic distance

Question 6

Island Model

Answer 6

One mainland with migration to island

Question 7

Stepping Stone Model

Answer 7

Ind pop only able to exchange genes with adj pop

Question 8

Metapopulation Model

Answer 8

Ind move btw pop but popalso come and go over time

Question 9

Hardy-Weinberg Model

Answer 9

null model of evolution
pop in genetic equilibrium
genotypic freq represented as a simple fn of allelic freq at a locus

Question 10

HWE (in words)

Answer 10

freq of alleles and genotypes will remain constant over time in the absence of other evolutionary influences

Question 11

HWE assumptions

Answer 11

• infinite and constant pop size
• no migration
• random mating
• no mutation
• diff genotypes= fitness

Question 12

HWE (equation)

Answer 12

p^2 + 2pq + q^2

Question 13

HWE p^2

Answer 13

dominant homozygous freq

Question 14

HWE q^2

Answer 14

recessive homozygous freq

Question 15

HWE 2pq

Answer 15

heterozygous freq

Question 16

HWE allelic freq eq

Answer 16

p+q=1

Question 17

HWE genotypic freq

Answer 17

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1

Question 18

HWE dom allele freq

Answer 18

p

Question 19

HWE rec allele freq

Answer 19

q

Question 20

Heterogametic

Answer 20

one copy of sex-linked gene (male)

Question 21

Homogametic

Answer 21

two copies of sex-linked gene (Female)

Question 22

What effect does mutation have on variation?

Answer 22

positive

Question 23

What effect does genetic drift have on variation?

Answer 23

negative

Question 24

What effect does inbreeding have on variation?

Answer 24

negative

Question 25

What effect does gene flow have on variation?

Answer 25

positive

Question 26

What effect does selection have on variation?

Answer 26

positive/negative