Pons and Cerebellum Flashcards
Motor functions of cerebellum:
- Motor coordination
- Motor learning
- Balance
- Posture
- Proprioception - understanding of where your limbs are with respect to space
Non-motor functions of cerebellum:
- Blood pressure
- Breathing rhythm
- Cognition (esp emotion)
- Language
Where are more than half of the neurons in the brain located?
Cerebellum
One word to describe what cerebellum does?
PREDICTION
Three lobes of cerebellum
Anterior, Posterior, Flocculonodular
Maintenance of balance, control of eye movements
Part of cerebellum that controls it and which predominant lobe?
Vestibulocerebellum - mostly flocculo-nodular lobe
Regulation of muscle tone, coordination of skilled voluntary mvt
Part of cerebellum that controls it and which predominant lobe?
Spinocerebellum - mostly anterior lobe
Planning of voluntary activity
Part of cerebellum that controls it and which predominant lobe?
Cerebrocerebellum - Posterior Lobe
4 pairs of cerebellar nuclei? What do they do?
FGED - fat guys eat donuts
Fastigial
Globose
Emboliform
Dentate
They connect cerebellum to rest of brain and spinal cord
Cerebellum is connected to brain stem by 3 peduncles on each side. What are they called and what do they connect?
- Superior cerebellar peduncle - cerebellum w/ midbrain
- Middle cerebellar peduncle - cerebellum w/ pons
- Inferior cerebellar peduncel - cerebellum w/ medulla oblongata
What are the three layers of the cerebellar gray matter?
- Molecular
- Purkinje cell
- Granular
What are the 5 types of neurons in the cerebellar cortex?
- Purkinje cells
- Golgi cells
- Stellate cells
- Basket cells
- Granule cells
What are two main types of afferents in cerebellar cortex?
- Mossy fibers
2. Climbing fibers
What is the single efferent cell in the cerebellar cortex?
Purkinje cell axons
Name that cerebellar cortex neuron!
- Spontaneously active
- Inhibitory (GABAergic)
- Project out of cerebellar cortex to deep cerebellar and vestibular nuclei
- Main site of cerebellar computation
Purkinje cells
Name that cerebellar cortex neuron!
- Excitatory (glutamatergic) to Purkinje cells via parallel fibers
- Bifurcate
- Relay mossy fiber information to Purkinje cells
Granule cells
Name that cerebellar cortex neuron!
- Inhibitory (GABAergic)
- Spatial inhibition to Purkinje cells
Basket and Stellate cells
Name that cerebellar cortex neuron!
- Inhibitory (GABAergic)
- Temporal inhibition of mossy fiber input
Golgi cells
What are three major sources of inputs to cerebellum from CNS?
- Spinal cord - info related to position & condition of muscles, tendons, joints
- Vestibular system - related to body equilib
- Cerebral cortex - provide info for planning & initiation of mvt
Inputs in cerebellum are segregated within cerebellum into 3 fiber systems:
- Climbing fiber system
- Mossy fiber
- Multilayered fiber
Name that cerebellar fiber system!
- Consists of the olivocerebellar tracts.
- Privileged interaction with Purkinje cells
Climbing fiber system
Name that cerebellar fiber system!
Includes all afferents which are not part of the climbing fiber & the multilayered fiber system
Mossy fiber system
Name that cerebellar fiber system!
Consists of the afferent from the hypothalamus, as well as the serotonergic input from the raphe nuclei, the noradrenergic input from the locus ceruleus, & the dopaminergic input from the
VTA
Multilayered fiber system
Major relay center for sensorimotor information, but also critical region for higher functions
Pons
