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Neuroanatomy > Pons > Flashcards

Pons Flashcards

1
Q

What is a major landmark of the pons?

A

Pontine protuberance

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2
Q

The base of the pons is the ______ while the dorsal part of the pons is mostly ______

A

base - pontine protuberance

dorsal - tegmentum

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3
Q

What two structures are in the Facial colliculus?

A
  1. Nucleus of CN 6

2. Motor root of 7

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4
Q

What is the bridge between the pons and the cerebellum?

A

Middle cerebellar peduncle

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5
Q

What two cranial nerves are found in the low pons?

A

CN 6

CN 7

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6
Q

What separates the pontine protuberance from the tegmentum?

A

Medial lemniscus

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7
Q

corticobulbar tracts innervate the ____ while the corticospinal tracts innervate the ____

A

corticobulbar - face

corticospinal - body

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8
Q

What structure in the pons is important for fast horizontal conjugate eye movements?

A

PPRF (paramedian pontine reticular formation)

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9
Q

What CN and nucleus are responsible for tearing?

A

CN 7

Superior salivatory nucleus

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10
Q

What are the two roots of the facial nerve?

A

Motor root

Nervus intermedius

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11
Q

the motor nucleus of CN VII innervates the ____ and _____

A
  1. face

2. stapedius (middle ear)

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12
Q

The facial nerve enters the _____ _____ _____ and exits through the ______ ______

A

internal auditory meatus

stylomastoid foramen

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13
Q

CN VII ____ the eye while CN III ____ the eyes

A

CN VII - closes

CN III - opens

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14
Q

The superior salivatory nucleus innervates the _____ gland while the inferior salivatory nucleus innervates the ____ gland

A

superior - lacrimal

inferior - parotid

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15
Q

The greater petrosal nerve carries _____ fibers while the deep petrosal nerve carries ____ fibers

A

greater petrosal - parasympathetic

deep petrosal - sympathetic

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16
Q

Does CN VII synapse with the Geniculate ganglion?

A

Fuck that shit, it just runs through it

17
Q

What brainstem nucleus does the greater superficial petrosal nerve originate?

A

Superior salivatory nucleus

18
Q

chorda tympani runs below the __________

A

Greater superficial petrosal nerve

19
Q

What cranial nucleus is responsible for general sensation behind the ear?

A

Spinal trigeminal nucleus through CN 7

20
Q

Corticobulbar lesions cause _____ facial weakness while CN VII lesions cause _____ facial weakness

A

corticobulbar - central (UMN)

CN VII - peripheral (LMN)

21
Q

Corticobulbar tracts synapse with all _____ cranial nuclei

A

motor

22
Q

Why don’t parasympathetics get coricobulbar drive?

A

because they don’t innervate striated skeletal muscle

23
Q

upper face LMNs get _______ corticobulbar innervation while low face LMNs get _______ corticobulbar innervation

A

upper face - bilateral innervation

lower face - contralateral innervation

24
Q

Does the GSPN carry pre or post ganglionic nerve fibers?

A

pre

25
Q

The Pons is important for _____ conjugate eye movements while the Midbrain is important for _____ conjugate eye movements

A

pons - horizontal eye movements

midbrain - vertical eye movements

26
Q

What are the associated symptoms of a lesion of the sixth nerve in the pons?

A
  1. Horizontal gaze palsy
  2. contra spastic hemiparesis
  3. CN 7 palsy (“long tract” signs)
27
Q

What are the associated symptoms of a lesion of the sixth nerve in the subarachnoid space?

A
  1. LMN signs of CN 7
  2. no facial numbness or body weakness
    * cuz CN 6 and 7 reside in subarachnoid space*
28
Q

What could cause a 6th nerve lesion in Dorello’s canal?

A

Mastoiditis or metastatic bone cancer

29
Q

What cranial nerves are in the cavernous sinus?

A

3, 4, V1, V2, 6

not V3

30
Q

What are three characteristics that indicate a CN 6 lesion in the orbit?

A
  1. CN 6 palsy
  2. proptosis
  3. RAPD
31
Q

How long does it take for an isolated vasculopathy to recover after temporary ischemia and demyelination?

A

90 days

32
Q

The frontal eye fields is located in the ______ lobes and helps to generate saccades to the ______ side

A

frontal lobes

saccades to the opposite side

33
Q

What is a saccade?

A

rapid eye movement from one fixation point to another

34
Q

A right MLF lesion would lead to an INO on what side?

A

the right

35
Q

If a patient is experiencing a left, right, or binocular INO (internuclear Ophthalmoplegia) but is able to converge, what part of the brain is ok and what is damaged?

A

midbrain is ok

pons is damaged

Neuroanatomy (10 decks)

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