Ponetika Flashcards
Intercostal muscle
- controls lungs also
- flesh between ribs
Trachea
- Connecting tube
Larynx
- voice box
- vocal cords are inside
According to Everett’s idea, Language is…
Secondary compared to biology. Meaning: we produce sounds for biology purposes first before language
Glottis
between epiglottis and vocal folds
The pharynx is responsible for sounds…
sounds at the back of the throat. ex. Arabic sounds
The tongue is the strongest muscle why
because it evolved through using languages
Alveolar ridge location
behind front teeth
Hard palate location
roof of mouth
velum purpose
seals the nasal cavity para liquids etc. don’t enter the nose
part of vocal tract responsible for French consonants
uvula
Articulatory Parameters: high vs low vs mid
- batay sa taas ng posisyon ng dila sa oral cavity
Articulatory Parameters: back vs front
- batay sa pagkaabante/atras ng dila sa oral cavity
Articulatory Parameters: tense vs lax
batay sa constriction sa airflow
Articulatory Parameters: rounded vs unrounded
batay sa pagbilog ng labi
Sequence of articulatory parameters ng patinig (H,B,R)
height, backness, rounding
What kind of pulmonic consonants are these?
[p,b] - bilabial
[k,g] - uvular
[t,d] - alveolar
[ʔ] - glottal
Stop sounds
What kind of pulmonic consonants are these?
[m] - bilabial
[n] - alveolar
[ŋ] - velar
Nasal Sounds
What kind of pulmonic consonants are these?
[s,z] - alveolar
[f,v] - alveodental
[“script b”, “script j”] - interdental
[”s na mahaba”, “sriz”] - palatl
Fricatives
What kind of pulmonic consonants are a combination of fricatives and stop sounds
africatives
What kind of pulmonic consonants are these?
[ j ], [ w ]
glides/semivowels
What kind of pulmonic consonants are these?
[L], [v], [ɽ]
liquids
perception of “taas” o “baba” ng “tono”
- nasusukat sa Hertz
Pitch
- intensity
- nasusuat sa pamamagitan ng decibels (Db)
- ibang mga tunog ay talagang mas malakas kaysa sa iba
- sonority hierarchy “ranker of sounds”
Loudness
- duration
- nasusukat sa pamamagitan ng milliseconds
- oras na lumilipas habang binibigkas ang tunog
- puwedeng magresulta sa pagbabago ng kahulugan
Length
- pagkakaiba sa pitch -> pagkakaiba sa kahulugan
Tone
Examples of tonal language:
Mandarin, Vietnamese, Thai, North American
- pagkakaiba sa pitch sa mga pangugusap na walang epekto sa kahulugan
-“variation of pitch across a sentence” - iba’t ibang intonation na maririnig sa: mga declarative sentence, mga tanong, paglilista, pagdidikta
intonation
- perceived relative prominence
- “stress correlates”: pitch, loudness, length
Stress
