Polysaccharides Flashcards
What is the definition of a Condensation reaction?
Removal of water molecule to form a bond
What is the definition of a Glycosidic bond?
Covalent bond joining two monosaccharides
What is the definition of a Hydrolysis reaction?
Addition of water molecule to break a bond
What is the definition of a Disaccharide?
Two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond
What are the names of the 3 disaccharides?
- Maltose
- Sucrose
- Lactose
What are the names of the 3 monosaccharides?
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Galactose
How do starch and glycogen’s structural features relate to their function?
- Compact: Do not take up too much space in the cell
- Insoluble: Prevents loss from cells
- No osmotic effect: Prevents water movement into cells
- Easily hydrolysed: Releases glucose when needed for respiration
Explain how cellulose’s structural features relate to its function.
- High tensile strength: Provides structural support
- Microfibrils and fibres: Contribute to rigidity in cell walls
What is the advantage of branched polysaccharides?
- Allows for rapid addition or removal of glucose - - Increases efficiency of glucose storage and release
How does glycogen differ from amylopectin?
- More highly branched- occur every 8-12 glucose units
- More compact for efficient storage in animal cells
What are the structural differences between cellulose and glycogen?
What are the structural differences between chitin and glycogen?
