polysaccharides

Question 1

whats a monomer?

Answer 1

smaller units which can create larger molecules

Question 2

whats a polymer?

Answer 2

made of lots of monomers bonded together

Question 3

what are the 3 examples of monomers?

Answer 3

glucose, amino acids, nucleotide

Question 4

what are the 3 examples of polymers?

Answer 4

glucose= starch, cellulose,glycogen
aa= protein
nucleotide= DNA RNA

Question 5

whats a condensation reaction?

Answer 5

joining two molecules together creating a chemical bond and removing water

Question 6

whats a hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 6

breaks a chemical bond between two molecules and involves the use of water

Question 7

what are the 3 carbohydrate examples?

Answer 7

monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides

Question 8

what are the examples for monosaccharides?

Answer 8

glucose, fructose, galactose

Question 9

what are the examples for disaccharides?

Answer 9

sucrose, maltose, lactose

Question 10

what are the examples for polysaccharides?

Answer 10

starch,cellulose,glycogen

Question 11

Glucose a formula

Answer 11

C6H12O6

Question 12

whats an isomer?

Answer 12

same molecular formula different structure

Question 13

whats a disaccharide?

Answer 13

-made of two monosaccharides
-joined together by a glycosidic bond
-formed by a condensation reaction

Question 14

maltose reaction

Answer 14

glucose + glucose = maltose + water

Question 15

lactose reaction

Answer 15

glucose + galactose = lactose + water

Question 16

sucrose reaction

Answer 16

glucose + fructose = sucrose + water

Question 17

polysaccharides are created by…

Answer 17

condensation reactions between many glucose monomers

Question 18

Everything about Starch

Answer 18

-alpha glucose
-1-4 glycosidic bonds in amylose, 1-4 and 1-6 bonds in in amylopectin
-store of glucose
-found in plant cells
-made of 2 polymers amylose is an unbranched helix
amylopectin is branched

Question 19

advantage of unbranched helix

Answer 19

helix can compact to fit a lot of glucose in a small space

Question 20

advantage of branched helix

Answer 20

increases surface area for rapid hydrolysis back to glucose. polysaccharides are large and therefore Insoluble - wont affect water potential

Question 21

Everything about Cellulose

Answer 21

-Beta glucose
-1-4 glycosidic bonds
-structure strength for cell wall
-found in plant cell wall
-polymer forms long straight chains . Chains held in parallel by many hydrogen bonds to form fibrils

Question 22

advanatge of cellulose structure

Answer 22

many hydrogen bonds provide collective strength
-insoluble wont affect water potential

Question 23

Everything about glycogen

Answer 23

-alpha glucose
-1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bonds
-store of glucose
-founds in animals mainly in muscle and liver cells
-highly branched molecule

Question 24

advantage of glycogen being highly branched

Answer 24

increases surface area for rapid hydrolysis back to glucose. polysaccharides are large and therefore Insoluble - wont affect water potential