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SF Biology > polysaccharides > Flashcards

polysaccharides Flashcards

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1
Q

whats a monomer?

A

smaller units which can create larger molecules

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2
Q

whats a polymer?

A

made of lots of monomers bonded together

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3
Q

what are the 3 examples of monomers?

A

glucose, amino acids, nucleotide

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4
Q

what are the 3 examples of polymers?

A

glucose= starch, cellulose,glycogen
aa= protein
nucleotide= DNA RNA

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5
Q

whats a condensation reaction?

A

joining two molecules together creating a chemical bond and removing water

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6
Q

whats a hydrolysis reaction?

A

breaks a chemical bond between two molecules and involves the use of water

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7
Q

what are the 3 carbohydrate examples?

A

monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides

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8
Q

what are the examples for monosaccharides?

A

glucose, fructose, galactose

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9
Q

what are the examples for disaccharides?

A

sucrose, maltose, lactose

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10
Q

what are the examples for polysaccharides?

A

starch,cellulose,glycogen

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11
Q

Glucose a formula

A

C6H12O6

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12
Q

whats an isomer?

A

same molecular formula different structure

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13
Q

whats a disaccharide?

A

-made of two monosaccharides
-joined together by a glycosidic bond
-formed by a condensation reaction

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14
Q

maltose reaction

A

glucose + glucose = maltose + water

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15
Q

lactose reaction

A

glucose + galactose = lactose + water

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16
Q

sucrose reaction

A

glucose + fructose = sucrose + water

17
Q

polysaccharides are created by…

A

condensation reactions between many glucose monomers

18
Q

Everything about Starch

A

-alpha glucose
-1-4 glycosidic bonds in amylose, 1-4 and 1-6 bonds in in amylopectin
-store of glucose
-found in plant cells
-made of 2 polymers amylose is an unbranched helix
amylopectin is branched

19
Q

advantage of unbranched helix

A

helix can compact to fit a lot of glucose in a small space

20
Q

advantage of branched helix

A

increases surface area for rapid hydrolysis back to glucose. polysaccharides are large and therefore Insoluble - wont affect water potential

21
Q

Everything about Cellulose

A

-Beta glucose
-1-4 glycosidic bonds
-structure strength for cell wall
-found in plant cell wall
-polymer forms long straight chains . Chains held in parallel by many hydrogen bonds to form fibrils

22
Q

advanatge of cellulose structure

A

many hydrogen bonds provide collective strength
-insoluble wont affect water potential

23
Q

Everything about glycogen

A

-alpha glucose
-1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bonds
-store of glucose
-founds in animals mainly in muscle and liver cells
-highly branched molecule

24
Q

advantage of glycogen being highly branched

A

increases surface area for rapid hydrolysis back to glucose. polysaccharides are large and therefore Insoluble - wont affect water potential

SF Biology (8 decks)

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