Polysaccharides Flashcards
1
Q
examples of a monosaccharides
A
glucose, fructose, galactose
2
Q
examples of disaccharides
A
maltose, lactose and sucrose
3
Q
examples of a polysaccharides
A
starch, cellulose and glycogen
4
Q
what bond joins glucose molecules
A
1,4 glycosidic bond
5
Q
what reaction breaks up glucose molecules and joins them
A
condensation joins them and hydrolysis breaks them
6
Q
what is maltose made of
A
glucose + glucose
7
Q
what is lactose made of
A
glucose + galactose
8
Q
what is sucrose made of
A
glucose + fructose
9
Q
what makes up starch
A
amylose and amylopectin
10
Q
glycogen
A
- found in animals
- glucose/ energy store
- made of glucose
- has branches
- 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds
- insoluble in water
11
Q
amylose
A
- found in plants
- glucose/ energy store
- made of glucose
- unbranched
- 1,4 glycosidic bond
- insoluble in water
12
Q
amylopectin
A
- found in plants
- glucose/ energy store
- made of glucose
- few branches
- 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds
- insoluble in water
13
Q
why are polysaccharides good energy stores
A
- they are compacted so lots of glucose can be stored in a small volume
- they are coiled (especially amylose) which makes them compact and have a higher melting point
- insoluble in water so don’t affect the concentration of water in the cytoplasm
- they are made of glucose so can by hydrolysed to release glucose for respiration
- amylopectin and glycogen are branched and so can release glucose quickly
