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Chemistry > Polymers > Flashcards

Polymers Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a polymer?

A

A large molecules built from small repeating units (has high molecular weight)

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2
Q

What is a monomer?

A

A repeating unit comprised of a simple molecule

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3
Q

What is polymerisation?

A

The process of converting a monomer to a polymer

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4
Q

What are natural polymers? Give examples.

A

Produced in nature by plants and animals (e.g. silk, hair, wool)

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5
Q

What are synthetic polymers? Give examples.

A

Produced in a lab (e.g. plastic, PVC)

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6
Q

What is HDPE?

A

High density polyethylene

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7
Q

What is LDPE?

A

Low density polyethylene

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8
Q

What bonds exist between a polymer?

A

Single bonds

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9
Q

What is addition polymerisation?

A

Where monomers react (add together) to form a polymer(with no byproducts)

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10
Q

What does thermoplastic mean?

A

A polymer that is flexible and can be softened and remoulded by heating

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11
Q

What does thermosetting mean?

A

A polymer that is rigid and cannot be reshaped by heating (chars instead)

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12
Q

What structure do thermoplastics have?

A

Minimal cross-linking between chains

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13
Q

Why can thermoplastics be remoulded?

A

The minimal crosslinks between chains allow them to slide past one another an form new shapes

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14
Q

Why can’t thermosetting plastics be remoulded?

A

The high degree of cross-linking between chains restricts the polymer chains from moving once heat is introduced, setting the plastic firmly into shape

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15
Q

What bonds exist in thermoplastics?

A

Strong covalent bonding in polymer chain

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16
Q

What bonds exist in thermosetting plastics?

A

Strong covalent bonds within chain and between the polymer chains

17
Q

What secondary interactions exist within thermoplastics?

A

Can be dispersion (nonpolar) or dipole-dipole or hydrogen bonds (polar)

18
Q

Are thermoplastics or thermosetting plastics easier to recycle?

A

Thermoplastics are easier as the weak secondary bonds between the chains allow them to be reshaped

19
Q

Why are thermosetting plastics difficult to recycle?

A

Strong covalent bonds exist between polymer chains, cannot be reshaped

20
Q

What occurs to a thermosetting plastic if the number of cross-links increases?

A

The material becomes harder

Chemistry (5 decks)

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