Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
One that has multiple bonds between carbon atoms
What is a saturated hydrocarbon?
one that has single bonds between carbon atoms
What is an isomer?
Compound that has some molecular formula, but different structure
What is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n+2
What is the general formula for alkenes?
CnH2n
What is the general formula for alkynes?
CnH2n+1OH
What causes the solubility of a solvent to decrease?
The molecule becomes heavier (increase in carbon chain)
What is the combustion formula for hydrocarbons?
hydrocarbon + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water (balance it too)
Why are alkanes chemically unreactive?
Contain no reactive functional group
Why are alkenes more chemically reactive than alkanes?
Contains double bond functional group
What reactions do alkanes undergo?
Substitution
What reaction do alkenes undergo?
Addition
Why do long saturated chains have low melting points at room temp?
Long saturated chains cannot pack together (more disordered structure)
What is a hydroxyl group?
-OH
Why does the solubility of alcohols decrease as the molecular weight increases?
The proportion of nonpolar hydrocarbon increases, alcohol becomes more like an alkane, less like water and is less soluble
