Polymers

Question 1

Chemical compounds with large molecules bonded together in long, repeating chains.

Answer 1

Polymers

Question 2

Sequentially bonding repeating units in polymers.

Answer 2

Monomers

Question 3

Polymers offer physical properties such as _____ and _____ that can be desirable in a wide range of uses.

Answer 3

Strength, Elasticity

Question 4

Polymers properties can be _____ or _____ to a greater degree (compared to metals or other classes of materials).

Answer 4

Controlled, Tailored

Question 5

Interactions between chains of a polymer lead elements of _____ to the structure of polymers.

Answer 5

Order

Question 6

Stretching the polymer chains as they form can _____ the amount of order, leading to a degree of crystallinity of the polymer.

Answer 6

Increase

Question 7

_____ the polymer chains lead to a degree of crystallinity of the polymer.

Answer 7

Stretching

Question 8

Different degree of _____ can lead to polymers of the same substance that have very different physical properties.

Answer 8

Crystallinity

Question 9

Chemically bonding chains of polymers to each other can _____ and _____ the substance.

Answer 9

Stiffen, Strengthen

Question 10

The average number of repeating units in the polymer chain.

Answer 10

Degree of Polymerization

Question 11

Product of the degree of polymerization and the molecular weight of the repeating unit.

Answer 11

Molecular Weight of a Polymer

Question 12

Polymers in which the chains fold and make lamellar structure arranged in the regular manner.

Answer 12

Crystalline Polymers

Question 13

Polymers in which the chains are in the irregular manner.

Answer 13

Amorphous Polymers

Question 14

A state when the amorphous region of the polymer is at lower temperature.

Answer 14

Glassy State

Question 15

When a polymer is in glassy state, it is
_____ , _____ , and ______.

Answer 15

Brittle, Hard, Rigid

Question 16

A state when the polymer is heated.

Answer 16

Rubbery State

Question 17

When a polymer is in rubbery state, it becomes _____ and _____.

Answer 17

Soft, Flexible

Question 18

Temperature at which glassy state makes a transition to rubbery state.

Answer 18

Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)

Question 19

Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) is a property of the _____ materials, or the amorphous region of a ______ materials.

Answer 19

Amorphous, Semicrystalline

Question 20

Amount of stress required to break the sample.

Answer 20

Strength

Question 21

Measures the percentage change in the length of the material before fracture.

Answer 21

Percent Elongation to Break (Ultimate Elongation)

Question 22

Measures the stiffness of the material.

Answer 22

Young’s Modulus (Modulus of Elasticity or Tensile Modulus)

Question 23

_____ polymers are polymers that occur naturally and exists in living things in nature.

Answer 23

Natural

Question 24

_____ polymers are man-made polymers made in laboratory through chemical processes.

Answer 24

Synthetic

Question 25

The types of polymer (based on the structure of their monomer chain) are _____ , _____ , and _____.

Answer 25

Linear, Branched, Cross-Linked

Question 26

The types of polymers are _____ , _____ , and _____.

Answer 26

Thermoplastics, Thermosetting Polymers, Elastomers

Question 27

Polymers that melt or deform on heating. (can be repeatedly soften by heating and then solidifies by cooling)

Answer 27

Thermoplastics

Question 28

Molecules in a thermoplastic are held together by relatively _____ intermolecular forces.

Answer 28

Weak

Question 29

Polymers that offer increased strength upon heating, and will retain their form and stay solid even under heat.

Answer 29

Thermosetting Polymers

Question 30

Polymers that can be stretched easily to several times their length and which rapidly return to their original dimensions when the applied stress is released.

Answer 30

Elastomers

Question 31

The process of creating synthetic polymers by combining small monomer molecules into chains held together by covalent bonds.

Answer 31

Polymerization

Question 32

In _____ polymerization, small monomer units joined to form a giant polymer.

Answer 32

Addition

Question 33

Addition polymerization begins with the generation of a _____ , which is normally accomplished by heating a molecule.

Answer 33

Free Radical

Question 34

In addition polymerization, the free radical repeatedly attacks the _____ bond in a monomer molecule, forming a new radical that now includes one monomer unit.

Answer 34

Double

Question 35

In _____ polymerization, it involves the elimination of a small molecule, usually water, as each monomer is added to the growing chain.

Answer 35

Condensation

Question 36

In condensation polymerization, there must be two _____ groups on the monomer, which can react together to form small molecules.

Answer 36

Functional

Question 37

Condensation polymers are made by joining two subunits through a reaction in which a smaller molecule (often water) is also formed as a by-product. These are also called _____.

Answer 37

Copolymers

Question 38

_____ copolymers are arranged in a regular, alternating series.

Answer 38

Alternating

Question 39

_____ copolymers has regions in the material where a single monomer unit is repeated, interspersed with other regions where a different monomer is the repeating unit.

Answer 39

Block

Question 40

In block copolymers, some regions are relatively _____ , whereas others are _____.

Answer 40

Stiff, Flexible

Question 41

_____ copolymers involve side chains of one polymer attached to a backbone of a different polymer.

Answer 41

Graft

Question 42

In graft copolymers, both _____ and _____ are attached to a _____ backbone.

Answer 42

Butadiene, Acrylonitrile, Polystyrene

Question 43

A thermoplastic made from monomer ethylene. It is soft, flexible and melts at a low temperature.

Answer 43

Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)

Question 44

A thermoplastic made from petroleum. It has a higher chemical resistance and can withstand higher temperature.

Answer 44

High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)

Question 45

Thermoplastic polymer used in various applications due to its good chemical resistance.

Answer 45

Polypropylene (PP)

Question 46

The third-most widely produced plastic that is cheaper and stronger than traditional alternatives such as copper or ductile iron.

Answer 46

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Question 47

An aromatic polymer made from the monomer styrene, it has very slow biodegradation

Answer 47

Polystyrene (PS)

Question 48

A family of synthetic polymers known genetically as polyamides.

Answer 48

Nylon, Nylon 6, Nylon 66

Question 49

The amide backbone present in nylon causes it to be more _____ unlike hydrocarbon polymers.

Answer 49

Hydrophilic

Question 50

Synthetic fluoropolymer of tetrafluoroethylene.

Answer 50

Teflon (Polytetrafluoroethylene)

Question 51

Thermoplastic elastomer consisting of linear segmented block copolymers.

Answer 51

Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPU)

Question 52

Plastic with the lowest coefficient of friction.

Answer 52

Teflon (Polytetrafluoroethylene)