polymer enhancement methods

Question 1

lubricants

Answer 1

reduces viscosity
usd in molten polymer
intricate shapes made
lower moulding temp
saves energy

Question 2

thermal antioxidants

Answer 2

prevents oxidising or discolouring
due to excessive heat during processing

Question 3

pigments

Answer 3

adds colour
done when in molten form
particles mixed into polymer

Question 4

antistatics

Answer 4

reduce likelihood of building up static charge

Question 5

flame retardents

Answer 5

reduce chance of combustion or spread of fire
car engine parts or plug sockets

Question 6

plasticisers

Answer 6

become less hard and brittle
can stretch
helps processing of material
easily formed at high temps
e.g. food wrap

Question 7

fillers

Answer 7

sawdust or wood flour provide bulk so less polymer needed
mineral fillers e.g. calcium carbonate and chalk help increase thermal conductivity
heating up and cooling down quicker
shorter mould cycles

Question 8

biodegradable plasticisers

Answer 8

makes polymer flexible and easier to break down
faster degradation time

Question 9

bio-batch additives

Answer 9

oxy-degradable, photodegradable and hydro-degradable additives reduce degradation time

Question 10

anti oxidants

Answer 10

reduce environmental deterioration from exposure to oxygen in the air. also prevents increased brittleness, surface cracks and pigment discolouration
plastic garden furniture

Question 11

UV light stabilisers

Answer 11

prevent polymer chains being broken down by sunlight
prevents colour loss and brittleness
outdoor toys and play equipment