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AP Chemistry > Polyatomic Ions > Flashcards

Polyatomic Ions Flashcards

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1
Q

Silver

A

Ag,+

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2
Q

Zinc

A

Zn,2+

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3
Q

Mercury(I)

A

Hg2,2+

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4
Q

Ammonium

A

NH4,+

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5
Q

Nitrite

A

NO2,-

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6
Q

Nitrate

A

NO3,-

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7
Q

Sulfite

A

SO3,2-

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8
Q

Sulfate

A

SO4,2-

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9
Q

Hydrogen Sulfate

A

HSO4,-

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10
Q

Hydroxide

A

OH,-

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11
Q

Cyanide

A

CN,-

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12
Q

Phosphate

A

PO4,3-

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13
Q

Hydrogen Phosphate

A

HPO4,2-

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14
Q

Dihydrogen Phosphate

A

H2PO4,-

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15
Q

Thiocyanate

A

NCS,-

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16
Q

Carbonate

A

CO3,2-

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17
Q

Hydrogen Carbonate

A

HCO3,-

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18
Q

Hypochlorite

A

ClO,-

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19
Q

Chlorite

A

ClO2,-

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20
Q

Chlorate

A

ClO3,-

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21
Q

Perchlorate

A

ClO4,-

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22
Q

Hypobromite

A

BrO,-

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23
Q

Bromite

A

BrO2,-

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24
Q

Bromate

A

BrO3,-

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25
Q

Perbromate

A

BrO4,-

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26
Q

Hypoiodite

A

IO,-

27
Q

Iodite

A

IO2,-

28
Q

Iodate

A

IO3,-

29
Q

Periodate

A

IO4,-

30
Q

Acetate

A

C2H3O2,-

31
Q

Permanganate

A

MnO4,-

32
Q

Dichromate

A

Cr2O7,2-

33
Q

Chromate

A

CrO4,2-

34
Q

Peroxide

A

O2,2-

35
Q

Oxalate

A

C2O4,2-

36
Q

Amide

A

NH2,-

37
Q

Borate

A

BO3,3-

38
Q

Thiosulfate

A

S2O3,2-

39
Q

RED CAT/ AN OX

A

Reduction takes place at the cathode, and oxidation takes place at the anode

40
Q

OIL RIG

A

Oxidation is Losing electrons/ Reduction is gain electrons

41
Q

The CAT gets FAT

A

A metallic cathode will always increase in mass

42
Q

A/C

A

Electrons move through the wire from anode to cathode

43
Q

Salt Bridge

A

Anions to anode, cations to cathode

44
Q

Ions that are ALWAYS soluble in water

A

Na+, K+, NH4+, NO3-

45
Q

The 7 strong acids

A

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
Hydrobromic Acid (HBr)
Hydroiodic Acid (HI)
Nitric Acid (HNO3)
Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
Chloric Acid (HClO3)
Perchloric Acid (HClO4)

46
Q

The 8 strong bases

A

Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH)
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)
Rubidium Hydroxide (RbOH)
Cesium Hydroxide (CsOH)
Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Strontium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Barium Hydroxide (Sr(OH)2)

47
Q

5 Common weak acids

A

Hydrofluoric Acid (HF)
Acetic Acid (HC2H3O2)
Carbonic Acid (H2CO3)
Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4)
Hydrocyanic Acid (HCN)

48
Q

2 common weak bases

A

Ammonia NH3
Conjugates of weak acids (NaC2H3O2, NaCN, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, etc.)

49
Q

Strongest to weakest intramolecular forces

A

Network Covalent (C, Si, SiO2)
Ionic (metal/nonmetal, lattice energy based on magnitude of charge and ion size)
Metallic (Sea of electrons, malleability, conductivity, and luster)
Covalent (Sharing electrons, nonmetal/nonmetal combo)

50
Q

Strongest to weakest intermolecular forces

A

Ion-Dipole (Interaction between an ion and a polar bond)
Hydrogen Bonding (Very polar bonds, H with O, N, or F)
Dipole-Dipole (2 polar molecules interacting)
London Dispersion Forces (temporary dipole moments, increases with atomic radius and mass because they are easily polarizable)

51
Q

Linear

A

2 electron groups, 0 lone pairs, 180 degrees

52
Q

Trigonal Planar

A

3 electron groups, 0 lone pairs, 120 degrees

53
Q

Bent (3)

A

3 electron groups, 1 lone pair, <120 degrees

54
Q

Tetrahedral

A

4 electron groups, 0 lone pairs, 109.5 degrees

55
Q

Trigonal pyramidal

A

4 electron groups, 1 lone pair, ~107 degrees

56
Q

Bent (4)

A

4 electron groups, 2 lone pairs, ~105 degrees

57
Q

Trigonal Bipyramidal

A

5 electron groups, 0 lone pairs, 90 and 120 degrees

58
Q

See-Saw

A

5 electron groups, 1 lone pair, <90 and <120 degrees

59
Q

T-Structure

A

5 electron groups, 2 lone pairs, <90 degrees

60
Q

Linear (5)

A

5 electron groups, 3 lone pairs, 180 degrees

61
Q

Octahedral

A

6 electron groups, 0 lone pairs, 90 and 90 degrees

62
Q

Square Pyramidal

A

6 electron groups, 1 lone pair, 90 and <90 degrees

63
Q

Square Planar

A

6 electron groups, 2 lone pairs, 90 degrees

AP Chemistry (2 decks)

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