political specific facts 1914-1929 Flashcards
what did AJP Taylor say about the Reichstag during WWI?
‘over the first two years of the war, the government of the Reich ceased to exist as a directing force’
when was the Burgfreide introduced?
August 1914
what did trade unions promise during the war?
not to disrupt wartime activity by striking
why did some socialists support the Siegfriede?
they felt like German victory, driven by ‘the people’ could grow socialism
how did most of the SPD feel about Germany
felt like they were fighting a defensive war, and were against the idea of territorial annexations and the prospect of extending the war in the interest of the upper classes
who did the Kaiser appoint in August 1916?
appointed Paul von Hindenburg as the army chief of staff and Lutendorff as his deputy
how did Wilhelm allow for a military dictatorship to emerge?
by surrendering supreme command to Hindeburg and allowing superiority over the Chancellor
what did Isabel Hull say about Ludendordd?
‘certainly made decisions that went far beyond his professional military position’
when were elections first held after the war?
January 1919
in the Jan 1919 elections, what %
did democratic supporting parties win of the vote
80
what was a result of the new constitutions developed?
Prussia and Bavaria lost their monarchies
what happened on the 1st October 1918?
Kaiser asks Prince Max to form a government with ministers chosen by the Reichstag rather than appointed by the Kaiser
why was Lutendorff forced to resign on 26th October 1918?
he attempted to order army generals to resist surrender. Prince Max had to reassure Wilson that the military authorities were under the control of the government
what happened on the 29/30th November 1918?
crews on two of the naval vessels moored at Wilhekmshaven mutinied when ordered to make a suicidal attack against the British ships blockading the North Sea Ports. Sailors raised the Communist flag
who made up the ‘council of people’s commissars’?
3 SPD and USPD members
during Max’s provisional government, how did he try to win support from the workers and Soviets?
naming it the ‘council of people’s commissars’ to win support of the workers and soviets by mimicking a communist term
what was the Ebert-Groener pact?
Ebert agreed to suppress the lingering revolutionary activity in return for a promise that the government would maintain the authority of the army and existing military officers
what was the Stinnes-Leigen agreement?
recognised the legality of the unions and agreed to introduce an 8 hour day
how many chancellors were there from 1919-24?
8
why did the provisionary cabinet break up?
the USPD colleagues disapproved of his actions. The USPD police chief in Berlin opposed Ebert’s orders to put down a sailor’s pay demonstration by force. The three USPD resigned on the 29th December, so splitting the socialist ranks between majority SPD and extreme Sparticsts who felt that the ‘revolution’ had failed them
when was the spartacist uprising?
January 1919
how many people were killed in the spartacist uprising
100
why were many right wing individuals hostile to the republic?
they believed the October revolution drove the stab-in-the-back myth
when was the Kapp Putsch?
March 1920
