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Politics - Higher > Political parties and elections - voting behaviour > Flashcards

Political parties and elections - voting behaviour Flashcards

1
Q

What type of values/ideas does the conservative party promote?

A

The conservative party promotes traditional British values, favouring lower taxation.

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2
Q

Generally what groups tend to favour the conservatives?

A

Historically, the conservatives receive more support form the middle and upper classes.

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3
Q

What is the key demographic for the conservative party?

A

Older, white, middle or upper-class

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4
Q

What is a statistic regarding conservative votes and class?

A

In 2017, 46% of people in social classes A and B voted conservative.

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5
Q

What is rational choice theory?

A

Rational choice theory is where voters vote simply because policies of the party at the time favour them. Common with conservative voters.

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6
Q

Compare the voting statistics from 1992 and 1997?

A

In 1992 the Conservatives had 52% of the vote, labour had 22%. In 1997 the conservatives had 39%, Labour had 34%.

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7
Q

How relevant is ‘party ID’ in influencing voting behaviour?

A

It used to be far more influential, but now there are more ‘floating voters’.

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8
Q

What social group was labour created to support?

A

Labour was made to represent the working class.

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9
Q

What social classes generally favour labour?

A

Social classes D and E

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10
Q

What are voting percentages that show social classes D and E support for labour?

A

In 2017, 46% of people from classes D and E voted labour

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11
Q

What policies did labour introduce that would cause the working class to favour them?

A

They created the welfare state and introduced the national minimum wage.

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12
Q

What is an example of labour voters switching due to party dealignment?

A

In 2019 many labour voters switched to UKIP to “get Brexit done”.

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13
Q

What is the SNP’s main policy?

A

Scottish independence

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14
Q

What was the SNP’s transition in image/party policy?

A

They went from so-called “Tartan Tories” to the self-proclaimed progressive left-wing social-democrat party.

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15
Q

What are some examples of SNP policies?

A

Collective policies such as free university education, free prescriptions and an anti-nuclear weapons stance.

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16
Q

How many Scottish parliament election have the SNP won in recent years?

A

The SNP have not lost a Scottish-parliament election since 2007.

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17
Q

What happened regarding support for the SNP in 2017 and wy+hy?

A

In the 2017 snap election, Scottish support dwindled for the SNP as a result of their “obsession” with independence.

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18
Q

What is a statistic shows the turn of support for the SNP in 2017?

A

The SNP lost 21 seats across Britain, decreasing their kept seats to 35.

19
Q

What are the factors which affect voting behaviour?

A
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Class
  • Ethnicity
  • Education
  • geography
20
Q

What did Pulzer say about social class and politics?

A

“Social class was the basis of party politics; everything else was just embellishment and detail”

21
Q

What classes supported the conservatives until the 1970s?

A

Classes A, B and C1

22
Q

Up until 1970, what classes generally supported labour?

A

Classes C2, D and E

23
Q

What did the 2014 independence reveal about class and voting behaviour in Scotland?

A

In 2014 the poorest council areas all voted yes and the middle-class areas voted no.

24
Q

What is party dealignment?

A

Where voters vote on immediate issues that affect them, instead of party ID.

25
Q

What is an example in 2015, highlighting party-dealignment?

A

In 2015 around 4 million Brits voted for UKIP

26
Q

What are some examples of immediate “issues” influencing voting behaviour?

A

The idea of over-immigration and people entering the UK, “stealing jobs, houses and benefits”.

27
Q

What party do young people tend to favour?

A

younger voters tend to be more collectivist, favouring parties like labour

28
Q

What party do older people tend to favour?

A

Older voters tend to be more individualist, favouring the conservatives.

29
Q

What were the party voting percentages for the conservatives in the 2017 general election regarding age?

A

In the 2017 general election around 28% young voters voted conservative, comparing with 58% of older voters.

30
Q

What were the party voting percentages for Labour in the 2017 general election regarding age?

A

In the 2017 general election around 51% of younger voters voted labour, compared with 20% of older voters.

31
Q

What did Churchill say about age and the parties one should vote for?

A

Churchill said “If you’re not a Liberal by the time you’re 20 you have no heart, but if you’re not a conservative by the time you’re 40 you have no brain”

32
Q

What is the voter turnout for people aged between 18 and 24?

A

The voter turnout for people aged between 18 and 24 is around 52%.

33
Q

What is the voter turnout for people aged 65 and above?

A

The voter turnout for people aged 65 and above is around 75%.

34
Q

What percent of BAME voters vote conservative?

A

Around 23% of BAME voters vote conservative.

35
Q

What percent of white voters vote conservative?

A

Around 39% of white people vote conservative.

36
Q

What percentage of BAME voters vote labour?

A

Around 65% of BAME voters vote labour.

37
Q

What percentage of white voters vote labour?

A

Around 28% of white voters vote labour.

38
Q

What is a counter to saying that age determines voting behaviour?

A

young voters may initially vote in favour of what their parents vote for.

39
Q

What are the four short-term factors influencing voting behaviour?

A
  • The rational-choice model
  • Self-interest/consumer voting
  • Issue voting
  • Leaders image
40
Q

What is the rational-choice model?

A

It is when voters are influenced by short-term matters, instead of voting along the lines of, say, socialism. It means voters may vote based on changeable factors such as specific issues and party image.

41
Q

What is self-interest/consumer voting?

A

It is where voters vote in terms of their own rational self-interest. It is influenced by things such as the economy, jobs, pay, housing etc…

42
Q

What is an example of self-interest voting?

A

In 2010 and 2015 the economy was identified as an issue, so Cameron’s ‘long-term economic plan’ helped him win.

43
Q

What is issue voting?

A

Issue voting is where people vote regarding specific issues such as immigration or taxation.

44
Q

What is leaders image votin?

A

Leaders image voting is where a voter votes based on the merit of the leader.

Politics - Higher (5 decks)

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