political parties

Question 1

political parties

Answer 1

groups of people with similar interests who work together to create and implement policies by winning elections

Question 2

Party-in-electorate

Answer 2

to encourage voting.

Question 3

Party-as-organization

Answer 3

nominates candidates, supports their electoral bids.

Question 4

Party-in-government

Answer 4

elected office holders.

Question 5

Two-party system

Answer 5

a system in which two major parties win all, or almost all, elections.

Question 6

single-member plurality system

Answer 6

only one candidate can be elected in each district;

•a candidate need only receive the most votes to win the election, but not necessarily a majority of the votes cast

Question 7

proportional representation,

Answer 7

several candidates are elected for each district;

•each political party’s representation is proportional to its percentage of the total vote

Question 8

Party realignments

Answer 8

when there is a shift of party allegiances within the electorate. Party identification and issue positions shift.
•Major party disappears, or two parties continue to exist with different voter support.

Question 9

Party realignments (1860, 1896, 1932)

Answer 9

1860
•Republicans defeat the Whigs
•1896
•Republicans defeat Bryan
•1932
•Democrats came to office under FDR

Question 10

Party machines

Answer 10

highly hierarchical party organization that recruits members via tangible incentives.

Question 11

Australian ballot v. party ballot

Answer 11

Electoral reforms weakened parties
•1890s introduction of the “Australian ballot”
•Primaries more widespread in 20th century