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UK Politics And Government > Political Parties > Flashcards

Political Parties Flashcards

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1
Q

Some ideas and principles of Old Labour (social democracy)

A
  • Equality
  • Collectivism
  • Capitalism must be controlled
  • Social justice
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2
Q

Some ideas and principles of New Labour (Third Way)

A
  • Individualism
  • Free market - accepted as the best form of wealth creation
  • Welfare state
  • Social justice
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3
Q

Examples of COLLECTIVISM (Old Labour)?

A

The welfare state to be funded by taxes and all should be equaly entitled to it

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4
Q

Examples of EQUALITY (Old Labour)?

A

Tax and welfare should be used to reduce differences in income

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5
Q

Examples of FREE MARKET (New Labour)?

A

No more nationalism and some further privatisation and reduce corporate taxes to encourage enterprises

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6
Q

Examples of SOCIAL JUSTICE (New Labour)?

A

Welfare state to gurantee living standards

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7
Q

Traditional One Nation Conservatism, Thatcherism and Cameron compared on WELFARE?

A

Trad One :Support welfare as part of a ‘one nation’ outlook
Thatch:Sees excessive welfare as a threat to enterprise and work
Cam:Defence of welfare mainly as incentive to work

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8
Q

Traditional One Nation Conservatism, Thatcherism and Cameron compared on the ECONOMY?

A

Trad One: More likely to ‘manage’ the economy
Thatch:Support Laissez-faire policies with a reluctance to interfere
Cam:A belief in the power and desirability of free markets

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9
Q

Traditional One Nation Conservatism, Thatcherism and Cameron compared on SOCIETY?

A

Trad One: Believe in organic society and the need to preserve ‘one nation’
Thatch:See society as a collection of unconnected individuals
Cam:’Big Society’: communities to take on roles carried out by the state

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10
Q

What are some of Liberal Democrat values?

A
  • Tolerance
  • Liberty and rights
  • Equality of opportunity - unfair advantages in society should be removed and all should enjoy equal life chances
  • Social justice
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11
Q

What are social liberals (modern liberals)?

A

Traditionally seens as being the centre-left wing of the party

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12
Q

What are orange book liberals (classical liberals)?

A

They lean more towards the centre, supporting greater choice and competition

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13
Q

What are some polices of the Green Party?

A
  • To protect our environment

- A green economy that works for everyone

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14
Q

What are the impacts of minor parties on politics? (UKIP)

A

Policy: UKIP was a major influence on why the EU referendum was called, which led to the triggering of Article 50
Parties:The fall of Cameron and splits in the two main parties can be linked to UKIP’s influence on the Brexit ref

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15
Q

Two-party system: Two major parties dominate the political system but for a multi-party system…

A

More than two parties competing for power with a realistic chance of gaining power

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16
Q

Two-party system: usually, one of these two parties can secure a majority to govern alone but for a multi-party system

A

The outcome of an election is most likely ti be a coalition

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17
Q

When could it be said that the UK has had spells of one party dominance?

A

1950, 1980-90, 2000s

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18
Q

Factors affecting party success?

A
  • Policies
  • Leaders - leaders that look ‘strong’ and ‘fresh’, such as Tony Blair in 1997, tend to be successful. Which is the opposite for Ed Miliband
  • Media
  • Campaign
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19
Q

Westminster system in the UK, for example, has been characterised for much of the 20th century as having a two-party system where as many countries in Europe…

A

…Have multi-party system-Italy, for example. In the UK, we would look to the devolved assemblies the evidence of multi-party systems that work

20
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system are the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Introduction: Criteria for importance and critique

(Power, output, representation?)

A
  • Power in parliament, legislative output, representative function
  • They aren’t the only parties that matter
21
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system of the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Para 1:Point

(Winning large number of seats consistently?)

A
  • Labour and Conservatives are only parties who consistently win large numbers of seats and are the only ones that can win majorities
  • Hasn’t been a non-Labour/Conservative government since 1922, when the now-extinct Liberals won
22
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system of the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Para 1: CounterPoint

(Minor parties still play a role?)

A

Minor parties still play a role – E.G.recent Lib Dem and DUP coalitions with conservatives

23
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system of the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Para 1: Overall

(Only chance of winning majorities)

A

Labour and conservative only parties with a chance of winning of majorities, but minor parties are only increasing influence in elections in parliament

24
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system of the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Para 2: Point

(Major parties and legislative agenda?)

A

Labour and Conservatives have the ability to set legislative agenda and dominate policy, whereas minor parties cannot as they are never in power

E.g. 2017-19 of bills passed, 41 govt bills 15 private member bills, likely to be majority Con/Lab

25
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system of the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Para 2: CounterPoint

(Private member bills matter?)

A

Private member bills from other parties still matter – e.g. in the 2016–17 Parliamentary session, SNP member introduced the Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence Act 2017

26
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system of the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Para 2: Overall

(Private member bills matter)

A

Large shifts in political landscape have been results of minor parties on private members bill is often matter just as much as government legislation, even if they are less frequent

27
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system of the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Para 3: Point

(Main parties are broad on the spectrum?)

A

Labour and Conservatives are broad parties, encompassing majority of political spectrum – E.G. New/Old Labour, One Nation/New Right Conservatives

E.g. Boris pushing Brexit and green agenda

28
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system of the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Para 3: CounterPoint

(Representation?)

A

Minor parties more effective at representing voters, particularly those dismissed by major parties E.g. SNP

29
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system of the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Para 3: Overall

(Representation minor parties)

A

Most important role of minor parties is representation and their success in this area means that they must be seen to matter, speaking out for those ignored by major parties

30
Q

Evaluate the view that the only political parties that matter in our political system of the Labour and Conservative parties [30]

Conclusion

A

Labour and Conservatives certainly matter most, but definitely are not the only parties that matter

Minor parties are vital for democratic function of scrutiny, representation and legislation

31
Q

Evaluate the extent to which the current Conservative Party are more influenced by One Nation principles than Thatcherism/ Evaluate the view that modern Conservative policies do not conform to the traditional ideas of the party

Intro: Core features the Conservative Party has been based off

A

Paternalism, pragmatism and consensus

32
Q

Evaluate the extent to which the current Conservative Party are more influenced by One Nation principles than Thatcherism/ Evaluate the view that modern Conservative policies do not conform to the traditional ideas of the party

Para 1: Point - A commitment to the NHS

A

Claims to continue to build and strengthen the NHS and focus on public healthcare. e.g. 7 Day NHS initiative

33
Q

Evaluate the extent to which the current Conservative Party are more influenced by One Nation principles than Thatcherism/ Evaluate the view that modern Conservative policies do not conform to the traditional ideas of the party

Para 1: Counterpoint - evidence that the Conservative party are more led by Thatcherism (NHS)

A

Cameron and conservatives want to continue to privatise parts of the NHS. Cameron - 40% NHS deals have gone to private companies (isn’t greatly influenced by One Nation principles)

34
Q

Evaluate the extent to which the current Conservative Party are more influenced by One Nation principles than Thatcherism/ Evaluate the view that modern Conservative policies do not conform to the traditional ideas of the party

Para 2: Point - A willingness to accept that ‘there is such a thing as society’

A

Big society programme proposing a theory of social solidarity based on hierarchy and voluntarism aim to create a climate that empowered local people and communities, building a “big society” take power away from politicians given to the people.

35
Q

Evaluate the extent to which the current Conservative Party are more influenced by One Nation principles than Thatcherism/ Evaluate the view that modern Conservative policies do not conform to the traditional ideas of the party

Para 2: Example for point (NCS, voluntary personal and social development programme)

A

For 16-17yr olds there were 30,000 people taking part in 2011-13

36
Q

Evaluate the extent to which the current Conservative Party are more influenced by One Nation principles than Thatcherism/ Evaluate the view that modern Conservative policies do not conform to the traditional ideas of the party

Para 2: CounterPoint - However, still maintains an individualist approach to society

A

A strong commitment to lowering taxation - committed to tax cuts worth £7bn (Cameron) - to boost growth for the rich individuals rather than a more collectivist approach. Recognised inequality as very much being an inevitable and sometimes positive force. Governed more by Thatcherism than one nation

37
Q

Evaluate the extent to which the current Conservative Party are more influenced by One Nation principles than Thatcherism/ Evaluate the view that modern Conservative policies do not conform to the traditional ideas of the party

Para 3: Point - A drive to accommodate social inclusion

A

This may include, for instance, minority groups. David Lammy Report on black males in the prison system/ education

38
Q

Evaluate the extent to which the current Conservative Party are more influenced by One Nation principles than Thatcherism/ Evaluate the view that modern Conservative policies do not conform to the traditional ideas of the party

Para 3: CounterPoint - Tough attitudes to crime and firm law and order policies

A

Strengthening national identity and promoting patriotism. Disproportionate incarceration of minorities in the UK. e.g. Black men are 26% more likely than white men to be remanded in custody

39
Q

Evaluate the view that the Conservative Party owes more to the influence of Tony Blair than Margret Thatcher [30]

Point 1: Socially, Thatcher

A

Victorian morals such as banning to teach homosexuality within school

40
Q

Evaluate the view that the Conservative Party owes more to the influence of Tony Blair than Margret Thatcher [30]

CounterPoint 1: Socially, Cameron

A

Detoxified the Conservative party e.g. 2014 gay marriage was legalised

41
Q

Evaluate the view that the Conservative Party owes more to the influence of Tony Blair than Margret Thatcher [30]

Point 2: Politically, Thatcher

A
  • Originally supported EEC (European Economic Community) but turned against is because it opposed sovereignty of the UK
  • Law and Order criminal justice act
42
Q

Evaluate the view that the Conservative Party owes more to the influence of Tony Blair than Margret Thatcher [30]

CounterPoint2: Politically, Cameron

A
  • 2016 EU referendum called it due to pressures of UKIP. He backed remain, large divisions within the party remain/leave (broadsheet)
  • Hug a hoodie campaign 2006 - rehabilitation opposes Thatcher with the criminal justice act
43
Q

Evaluate the view that the Conservative Party owes more to the influence of Tony Blair than Margret Thatcher [30]

Point 3: Economically, Thatcher

A
  • Privatised industries such as Telecom and Railway

- Decreased government expenditure - austerity

44
Q

Evaluate the view that the Conservative Party owes more to the influence of Tony Blair than Margret Thatcher [30]

CounterPoint 3: Economically, Cameron

A
  • Privatised parts of royal mail 2011

- Furlough Scheme, which increased government expenditure, not like Thatcher

45
Q

Evaluate the view that the Conservative Party owes more to the influence of Tony Blair than Margret Thatcher [30]

Judgement summarised

A

The Conservative Party owes more to the influence of Tony Blair, due to distinctive ideas demonstrated through the policies such as a broader focus and acceptance on LGBTQ+ rights, adapting more to the challenges faced in the 21st Century rather than opposing them

UK Politics And Government (8 decks)

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