Political Economics Flashcards
_____ guide our understanding of right vs wrong and moral vs immoral
Ethics
Define epistemology
theory of knowledge (philosophy)
first Native recognition in the academy?
Minnesota’s Native Studies Dept (1964)
What was the main idea of “Custer Died for your Sins”?
accusation of america’s treatment of FN peoples
What was the main idea of “God is Red”?
challenged the idea the FN traditions are not relevant to modern FN ways, viable alternative to christianity
What was the main idea of “Metaphysics of Modern Existence”?
tensions between someone trying to live from a native perspective in western culture. (trying to balance traditional thought of creation with scientific discoveries)
What was the role of Leroy Little Bear?
brought together linguists, scientists, and native & non-native scholars to discuss the principles of the universe.
What is the heart of creation, the source of Native identity, and the mother to her children?
the land/ earth
What are the two main schools of FN thought?
Native science & Indigenous ethics and code of conduct
What are the 5 base tenets?
Space/land, Flux/ constant motion, all things animate & have spirit, relationship, renewal
Describe the tenet Space/ Land
*creation is primary source of identity
creation encompasses lakes, soil, people, animals, etc
*every FN have a unique relationship with creation
What are the 3 forms of oral knowledge tranmission?
Situational, Necessary, Readiness
Describe the tenet Constant Motion/ Flux
creation is in a constant state of flux
Describe the tenet All things are animate and have spirit
environment can feel, all of creation is one spirit therefore everything is related
Describe the tenet Relationship
every entity must seek out and balance relations with every other entity (circumscribed by responsibility)
Describe the tenet Renewal
necessary to maintain equilibrium, found in ceremony
3 Main Categories of Ethics from Clare Brant
noninterference, emotional restraint, sharing
4 minor categories of ethics from Clare Brant
doing at right time, avoid public praise, order social relations with complex rules, and learning by doing/ teaching through immersion
What is subsistence?
strategies of how to feed, clothe, and shelter
What are the 5 main subsistence strategies?
Hunting, gathering, pastoralism, horticulture, agriculture
Describe the characteristics of hunting/ gathering
move around, small sized groups, adjust to resources, population control
What are the 4 main impacts of hunting/ gathering on a human society?
sexual division of labour, food sharing (cooperation > competition), cultural adaptations & mobile technology, egalitarianism (status differences ≠ inequality)
Describe the characteristics of horticulture
cultivating varieties of crops, extensive, production for subsistence, not surplus.
Describe swidden farming
good for low populations & lots of land, mimics diversity of natural ecosystem, less vulnerable to pests/ diseases
describe agriculture
employ irrigation, fertilizers, draft animals (sophisticated!), subsistence and surplus, usually towns/ cities
Describe pastoralism
animal husbandry is part of identity, good for places that can’t have successful farmlands (rocky, cold, dry, etc). Use transhumance (moving livestock seasonally)
Define economics
how do ensure that everyone is fed, clothed, and sheltered
3 main economic categories
Reciprocity, redistribution, market exchange
3 types of reciprocity economics
generalized (i give today so you give when you have), balanced (i give today so you give back on [date]), and negative (i give to get something back from you)
Describe redistribution economics
goods & services flow to central person/place and are redistributed (chiefdoms in Northwest coast)
What are the economic systems for hunting/ gathering?
reciprocity & redistribution
What are the economic systems for horticulture?
redistribution and market
What is the economic system for agriculture?
market
What is the economic system for pastoralists?
redistribution & reciprocity
4 key points by robin fox
women bear children, men impregnate women, men usually have social control, primary kin DON’T mate with each other
