Political Economics

Question 1

_____ guide our understanding of right vs wrong and moral vs immoral

Answer 1

Ethics

Question 2

Define epistemology

Answer 2

theory of knowledge (philosophy)

Question 3

first Native recognition in the academy?

Answer 3

Minnesota’s Native Studies Dept (1964)

Question 4

What was the main idea of “Custer Died for your Sins”?

Answer 4

accusation of america’s treatment of FN peoples

Question 5

What was the main idea of “God is Red”?

Answer 5

challenged the idea the FN traditions are not relevant to modern FN ways, viable alternative to christianity

Question 6

What was the main idea of “Metaphysics of Modern Existence”?

Answer 6

tensions between someone trying to live from a native perspective in western culture. (trying to balance traditional thought of creation with scientific discoveries)

Question 7

What was the role of Leroy Little Bear?

Answer 7

brought together linguists, scientists, and native & non-native scholars to discuss the principles of the universe.

Question 8

What is the heart of creation, the source of Native identity, and the mother to her children?

Answer 8

the land/ earth

Question 9

What are the two main schools of FN thought?

Answer 9

Native science & Indigenous ethics and code of conduct

Question 10

What are the 5 base tenets?

Answer 10

Space/land, Flux/ constant motion, all things animate & have spirit, relationship, renewal

Question 11

Describe the tenet Space/ Land

Answer 11

*creation is primary source of identity
creation encompasses lakes, soil, people, animals, etc
*every FN have a unique relationship with creation

Question 12

What are the 3 forms of oral knowledge tranmission?

Answer 12

Situational, Necessary, Readiness

Question 13

Describe the tenet Constant Motion/ Flux

Answer 13

creation is in a constant state of flux

Question 14

Describe the tenet All things are animate and have spirit

Answer 14

environment can feel, all of creation is one spirit therefore everything is related

Question 15

Describe the tenet Relationship

Answer 15

every entity must seek out and balance relations with every other entity (circumscribed by responsibility)

Question 16

Describe the tenet Renewal

Answer 16

necessary to maintain equilibrium, found in ceremony

Question 17

3 Main Categories of Ethics from Clare Brant

Answer 17

noninterference, emotional restraint, sharing

Question 18

4 minor categories of ethics from Clare Brant

Answer 18

doing at right time, avoid public praise, order social relations with complex rules, and learning by doing/ teaching through immersion

Question 19

What is subsistence?

Answer 19

strategies of how to feed, clothe, and shelter

Question 20

What are the 5 main subsistence strategies?

Answer 20

Hunting, gathering, pastoralism, horticulture, agriculture

Question 21

Describe the characteristics of hunting/ gathering

Answer 21

move around, small sized groups, adjust to resources, population control

Question 22

What are the 4 main impacts of hunting/ gathering on a human society?

Answer 22

sexual division of labour, food sharing (cooperation > competition), cultural adaptations & mobile technology, egalitarianism (status differences ≠ inequality)

Question 23

Describe the characteristics of horticulture

Answer 23

cultivating varieties of crops, extensive, production for subsistence, not surplus.

Question 24

Describe swidden farming

Answer 24

good for low populations & lots of land, mimics diversity of natural ecosystem, less vulnerable to pests/ diseases

Question 25

describe agriculture

Answer 25

employ irrigation, fertilizers, draft animals (sophisticated!), subsistence and surplus, usually towns/ cities

Question 26

Describe pastoralism

Answer 26

animal husbandry is part of identity, good for places that can’t have successful farmlands (rocky, cold, dry, etc). Use transhumance (moving livestock seasonally)

Question 27

Define economics

Answer 27

how do ensure that everyone is fed, clothed, and sheltered

Question 28

3 main economic categories

Answer 28

Reciprocity, redistribution, market exchange

Question 29

3 types of reciprocity economics

Answer 29

generalized (i give today so you give when you have), balanced (i give today so you give back on [date]), and negative (i give to get something back from you)

Question 30

Describe redistribution economics

Answer 30

goods & services flow to central person/place and are redistributed (chiefdoms in Northwest coast)

Question 31

What are the economic systems for hunting/ gathering?

Answer 31

reciprocity & redistribution

Question 32

What are the economic systems for horticulture?

Answer 32

redistribution and market

Question 33

What is the economic system for agriculture?

Answer 33

market

Question 34

What is the economic system for pastoralists?

Answer 34

redistribution & reciprocity

Question 35

4 key points by robin fox

Answer 35

women bear children, men impregnate women, men usually have social control, primary kin DON’T mate with each other