Political Bodies, Clubs, and Factions

Question 0

*Jacobin Clubs

Answer 0

The most prominent political clubs of the French Revolution, the Jacobins supported and participated in some of the most shocking events of The Revolution. They became identified with extreme egalitarianism and violence and led the Revolutionary government from mid-1793 to mid-1794.

Question 1

*Birth of the Jacobins

Answer 1

August 1789

Question 2

*Jacobin Club splits

Answer 2

July 1791. Split occured between those who supported the removal of Louis XVI following the Flight to Varennes, and those who did not. As a result, many of the more moderate deputies left and created rival club of the Feuillants.

Question 3

*Feuillants

Answer 3

Rival club of the Jacobins. Created by moderate members of the Jacobin club who opposed the petition to depose the king following the royal family’s flight to Varennes.

Question 4

*Montagnards

Answer 4

Radical Jacobin deputies of the Convention that dominated the French Revolutionary government of the Terror. The Montagnards emerged as the opponents of the more moderate Girondins in the National Convention in the fall of 1792, and dominated following the overthrow of the Girondins by the popular insurrections of May 31 to June 2, 1793.

Question 5

National Assembly

Answer 5

June 17 1789. Renamed the National Constituent Assembly July 8, 1789

Question 6

National Constituent Assembly

Answer 6

July 9, 1789-September 30, 1791

Question 8

Legislative Assembly

Answer 8

October 1, 1791-September 20, 1792. Replaced by the National Convention.

Question 9

*Girondins

Answer 9

aka Brissotins. Loosely defined, pro-war group of the Legislative Assembly and political rivals of the Montagnards, they originally emerged in strong opposition to the monarchy but began to increasingly vacillate their stance as the Revolution dragged on. This, the military defeats of Spring 1793, and the their lack of attention to the needs of the Sans-Cullotes (who had the attention and support of the Montagnards), were three factors that led to their purge from the Convention during the popular insurrection of May 31-June 3, 1793.

Question 10

National Convention

Answer 10

September 20, 1792-October 26, 1795. The Convention was elected to provide a new, democratic constitution for France following the August 10 overthrow of the monarchy. Marked the beginning of the First Republic of France.

Question 11

Jacobins

Answer 11

Advanced French Political group that strongly advocated enlightenment thought and believed in their hearts that France should be a republic

Question 12

Sans-coulottes

Answer 12

Parisian people that were the working class and wanted to revolt against the French Republic

Question 13

Paris Commune

Answer 13

Committee of representatives from Paris that became the independent political force of Paris

Question 14

Montagnards

Answer 14

Jacobins that worked with the Sans-Culottes to carry the revolution forward

Question 15

*Formal abolition of the monarchy by the National Convention

Answer 15

September 21, 1792

Question 16

*French Republic is officially established

Answer 16

September 22,1792

Question 17

Committee of Public Safety

Answer 17

DATES. Committee made up of 12 members of the Convention (“in effect a war cabinet”–Yale O.U.) that essentially ruled France during the Terror. Some of its agenda included the fixation of prices (“the Minimum”) and wages, mobilization of French resources and the eradication of counter-revolutionary activity.