People

Question 0

Louis XVI

Answer 0

aka Citizen Louis Capet. King of France, 1774 to 1791; executed January 21,1793

Question 1

Jacques Turgot

Answer 1

Former intendent of Limoges, Controller General of Finance under Louis XVI (1774-76). “No bankruptcy, no increase of taxation, no borrowing.” Wrote the Six Edicts, which called for the abolition of the corvée and the guild system (1776). Also abolished price controls and opened free-trade in wheat. Advocated a single land tax to replace the system of indirect taxation in place at the time.

Question 2

Marie-Antoinette

Answer 2

Wife of Louis XVI. Her extravagant spending habits that led to her getting the title of “Madame Deficit.”–Executed October 16, 1793

Question 3

Maupeou

Answer 3

President of Parlement before being appointed Chancellor under King Louis the XV. He was the chief mover in the attempt of King Louis XV to master the parlement and end its opposition to the fiscal measures needed to replenish the treasury. Maupeou dissolved (1771) all the parlements, exiled the magistrates from Paris, and abolished the sale of many offices. He then substituted a new high court (nominating all the members) and a system of superior courts. He became highly unpopular with the nobility, whose interests had been protected by the parlement. King Louis XVI on his accession dismissed Maupeou and restored the old parlements.

Question 4

Jacques Necker

Answer 4

Served as Director General of Finance from June 29, 1777-May 19, 1781; August 1788-July 11, 1789; July 16, 1789-September 1790. Published the Compte de rendu au roi in 1781.

Question 5

Calonne

Answer 5

Controller General of Finance, 1783-87. Realizing by 1786 that financial reforms could no longer be postponed, Calonne asked the king to convene the Assembly of Notables (22 February 1787), where he then proposed a uniform tax payable by every citizen, regardless of estate. Dismissed by Louis XVI April 1787.

Question 6

Brienne

Answer 6

Callone’s successor. Resigned in favor of Jaques Necker, August of 1788. (Note: Was one of the few prelates to take the 1791 Civil Constitution of the Clergy)

Question 7

Succession of Controller Generals et al

Answer 7

Cal

Question 8

Succession of Controller Generals et al

Answer 8

Terray (1769-74)
Turgot (1774-76)
•••
Necker (1777-81)
•••
Calonne (1783-87)
•••
Brienne ( 1787-88)
Necker (1788-89; 1789-90)

Question 9

Count of Artois

Answer 9

Charles X, younger brother to Louis XVI. Led the first group of émigrés out of France after the fall of the Bastille. King of France and Navarre from 1824 until the revolution of 1830, when Louis Philippe was elected Duke of Orléans and King of the French.