Political

Question 1

democratic principles of liberalism

Answer 1

• government reflects the will of the people
• consensus decision making
• direct and representative democracies:

Question 2

a collection of ideologies all committed to the principle of the dignity and freedom of the individual as the foundation for society. It has faith in human progress and tends to favour decentralized power, both in political and economic affairs, and respect for the sovereignty of the reasoning individual.

Answer 2

liberalism

Question 3

Common characteristics between the Iroquois Confederacy and political liberalism

Answer 3

• consensus decision making
• role of the leader not one of power, but support for the individual members of the tribe
-adherence to collective norms

Question 4

Classical liberal theorist who believed society needed to have checks and balances on the three branches of government.

Answer 4

Montesquieu

Question 5

Classical liberal theorist who believed in no government intervening in personal lives unless it is to prevent harm to others.
-Limit rulers powers

Answer 5

John Stuart Mill

Question 6

John Lock believed….

Answer 6

Role of the government is to limit itself to protecting individual liberty.
People have a right to private property
Gov’t is there for the will of the people, and the people can replace the leader/gov’t if they violate the trust.

Question 7

• people participate directly in decision that need to be made
• people are directly in charge of the decisions made for the society, which makes the government directly accountable to the will of the people

Answer 7

Direct Democracy

Question 8

• citizens elect candidates to represent their values and beliefs in government and to make decisions on their behalf
• different levels of government
• some elements of direct democracy are occasionally used

Answer 8

Representative Democracy

Question 9

• the idea that each citizen should have one vote, and that each elected representative should represent roughly the same number of voters as all other representatives

Answer 9

Representation by Population

Question 10

• horse racing term
• the first candidate past the post is the one who wins the highest number of votes in a particular area.
• Canada has this

Answer 10

First Past the Post

Question 11

• popular vote
• Sweden, Germany
-means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received.

Answer 11

Proportional Representation

Question 12

• where the winning party obtains less than half of the seats in the assembly

Answer 12

Minority Government

Question 13

• where two or more parties have to work together to form the government

Answer 13

Coalition

Question 14

• where the winning party obtains more than half of the seats

Answer 14

Majority Government

Question 15

• if the government loses an important vote, such as a vote on a bill involving spending or taxation, it must resign

Answer 15

Loss of Confidence

Question 16

• the government is held accountable by the entire House of Commons

Answer 16

Responsible Government

Question 17

• voters choose to vote for the party whose ideology most closely reflects their own.
• the main federal parties in Canada are the Liberal, Conservative, New Democratic, Bloc Québécois, and Green Parties of Canada. As of 2009, there were 19 registered federal political parties in Canada.
• A candidate can run without being a member of a political party: called an independent.

Answer 17

Party Politics

Question 18

• representatives can argue the case for their constituents privately within party caucus meetings, but once an important decision is reached within the party, all members are generally expected to support it or be seen as disloyal. Members can be asked to leave the party if they refuse to side with the party. There is even a person called the party whip, whose job it is, in part, to ensure party loyalty.

Answer 18

Party solidarity

Question 19

• in special cases, party members are free to vote as they choose rather than with their parties.

Answer 19

Free Vote

Question 20

• no matter which party forms the gov’t, it is accountable to the people
• through opposition parties and freedom of the press

Answer 20

Accountability: A FUNDAMENTAL LIBERAL DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLE

Question 21

• sometimes issues are so crucial to a country that every citizen eligible to vote will actually receive a direct vote to either accept or reject a proposal

Answer 21

Referendums and Plebiscites

Question 22

are binding and the gov’t must act on the results
i.e. 1992: “Do you agree that the Constitution of Canada should be renewed on the basis of the agreement reached on August 28, 1992?” (The Charlottetown Accord) 54% voted against it so the gov’t didn’t go ahead with the proposed revisions to the Constitution

Answer 22

referendums

Question 23

is more like a poll of people’s opinions.
i.e. 1942: Canadians voted in about whether or not citizens should be forced into joining the military (conscripted) to fight during WWII.

Answer 23

plebiscite

Question 24

allowing everyone to participate in a decision

Answer 24

Consensus Decision Making

Question 25

allow individuals to voice their opinions

Answer 25

Interest Groups

Question 26

expressions of the frustrations of people in society and they want their voices to be included in the decision-making process

Answer 26

Protests and Riots

Question 27

What are the 4 areas of responsibility for Governor General?

Answer 27

o represent the Crown in Canada
o to represent all Canadians and support our sovereignty
o to celebrate excellence
o to bring Canadians together