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IC1 LFB > Policy Number 987 Section 2 > Flashcards

Policy Number 987 Section 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the aim of effective communication at incidents?

A

To integrate communications and decision-making between the incident commander, operational personnel, and fire control rooms.

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2
Q

Why is effective communication fundamental to incident resolution?

A

It provides the incident commander with knowledge about the situation and progress of tasks, underpinning situational awareness and decision-making.

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3
Q

What are the key elements effective communication should provide?

A
  • Clear
  • Relevant and concise
  • Timely
  • Easily understood
  • Delivered confidently
  • Active listening
  • Aligned verbal and non-verbal communications
  • Question assumptions
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4
Q

What are the key principles to consider when establishing a communication strategy?

A
  • Appropriate for the size, type, and location of the incident
  • Effective and resilient
  • Accurate, appropriate, and timely information
  • Reliable and credible sources
  • Use of secure communication methods if necessary
  • Provide relevant information to appropriate recipients
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5
Q

True or False: A single communication system is suitable for all incidents.

A

False

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6
Q

What does the mnemonic PACE stand for in communication planning?

A
  • Primary
  • Alternative
  • Contingency
  • Emergency
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7
Q

What is the importance of a good flow of information for an incident commander?

A
  • Gather information
  • Issue orders
  • Receive situation reports
  • Assess needs of other agencies
  • Carry out risk assessments
  • Brief personnel on tasks and hazards
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8
Q

What is the structured briefing model recommended for incident commanders?

A

IIMARCH (Information, Intent, Method, Administration, Risk assessment, Communications and Humanitarian issues)

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9
Q

What is the M/ETHANE message protocol used for?

A

To exchange information about the incident with other responders via Brigade Control and other agencies’ control rooms.

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10
Q

What should be included in safety briefings as incidents develop?

A

Comprehensive information to ensure safety as the risk of injury increases.

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11
Q

What are some roles of command support under the guidance of the incident commander?

A
  • Establish communication links with Brigade Control
  • Assign radio channels and call signs
  • Establish communications with other agencies
  • Use talk groups
  • Request support of a communications tactical adviser
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12
Q

What does correct radio discipline entail?

A
  • Use correct voice procedure
  • Maintain awareness of radio traffic
  • Ensure correct channel use
  • Answer calls without delay
  • Limit transmissions to necessary information
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13
Q

What is the purpose of using a phonetic alphabet in communications?

A

To ensure consistent and accurate pronunciation of letters, especially for difficult words.

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of the Tait TP9355 incident ground radio?

A
  • Not intrinsically safe
  • Set to 4 Watts ERP
  • Fully interoperable with other radios
  • Not for use in flammable or explosive atmospheres
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15
Q

What is the difference between the Tait TP9361 Atex IIA and IIC radios?

A
  • Atex IIA is suitable for most flammable or explosive atmospheres
  • Atex IIC provides an additional level of intrinsic safety
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16
Q

What does the incident ground radio channel plan contain?

A

21 channels for use at operational incidents.

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17
Q

What should personnel do with their assigned radio channel during incidents?

A

Remain on their assigned channel except in emergencies or when ordered otherwise.

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18
Q

What is required for successful transmission between analogue and digital channels?

A

All users must be on the same mode.

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19
Q

What are the channel numbers that have digital and analogue equivalents?

A

Channels 1 to 8 and 17 and 18 (digital) correspond to channels 9 to 16 and 19 and 20 (analogue).

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20
Q

True or False: The London Fire Brigade is currently using both digital and analogue channels.

A

False

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21
Q

What is the purpose of the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) in Tait incident ground radios?

A

It measures the amount of power present in a radio signal.

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: A _______ is a deployable aerial in cable form that emits and receives radio signals.

A

[leaky feeder]

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23
Q

What is the benefit of using fixed repeaters?

A

They provide known coverage before they need to be used.

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24
Q

What should personnel do if they encounter legacy communication systems using previous channel plan numbers?

A

Use channel 13 instead of channel 5 or 8.

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25
Q

What is the maximum acceptable dBm for communications to remain effective?

A

-100 dBm

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26
Q

How does a leaky feeder enhance communication in buildings?

A

It extends the effective range of repeaters when deployed.

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27
Q

What is the primary use of interagency talk-groups?

A

To facilitate communications between multiple emergency services.

28
Q

True or False: Digital radios can transmit on multiple talk-groups simultaneously.

A

False

29
Q

What is the main function of Brigade Control’s audio interrupt feature?

A

To override an incoming transmission and communicate with the talk-group.

30
Q

What should be checked during pre-planned ORD visits regarding communication systems?

A

The status and signage of any installed communications system.

31
Q

What is the purpose of mobile-to-mobile talk-groups?

A

To allow voice communications between operational appliances attending an incident.

32
Q

Fill in the blank: Digital main scheme radios communicate via a national network of _______.

A

[masts and base stations]

33
Q

What are the advantages of the digital radio system?

A
  • Clear radio voice quality
  • Greater system resilience and security
  • Wider radio interoperability
  • Data communications
34
Q

What should be done if additional talk-groups are required at an incident?

A

They should be requested from Brigade Control.

35
Q

What mode do radios operate in when using a repeater?

A

Half-duplex mode.

36
Q

What is the operational level use of interagency talk-groups?

A

To share safety information and coordinate activities at incidents.

37
Q

What should personnel do if their communication system is not functioning effectively?

A

Test the correct channels before use.

38
Q

What happens if the incorrect channel is used on a legacy communication system?

A

The user will not be able to communicate effectively.

39
Q

What actions should teams take when deploying a repeater?

A
  • Conduct regular communication tests
  • Monitor RSSI
  • Retreat if communications issues begin
40
Q

Fill in the blank: Digital radios conform to the European _______ standard.

A

[TETRA (Terrestrial Trunked Radio)]

41
Q

What is the procedure for initiating mobile to mobile talk-group communications?

A

Use the mobile call-sign followed by ‘Go ahead with talk through on talk-group…’ and switch to the relevant talk-group.

Brigade Control will allocate either MTM1 or MTM2 for this communication.

42
Q

What should both appliances do after completing mobile to mobile communications?

A

Return to the operational talk-group related to the incident they are attending.

43
Q

How is a point-to-point call initiated on the digital main-scheme radio?

A

Press and hold key 1 (PRTS), await call from Brigade Control, and answer by pressing the PTT switch.

44
Q

What type of information is suitable for point-to-point calls?

A

Operational messages containing sensitive information such as firefighter injuries or multiple fatalities.

45
Q

What happens if the ISSI number for another radio user is known?

A

Point-to-point calls can be made to avoid congesting talk-groups.

46
Q

What is the primary purpose of the digital main scheme radios?

A

Provide access to a national inter-agency communications infrastructure.

47
Q

Who supports the incident commander with communication problems?

A

The Brigade duty radio officer.

48
Q

What is the role of tactical advisors in an incident?

A

Advise and assist the incident commander without taking command.

49
Q

What is the default communication method when BA is being used?

A

Tait TP9361 IIA radio.

50
Q

What are the four main factors that affect communication systems?

A

Equipment Failure, Propagation (signal strength), Interference, Congestion.

This is summarized by the mnemonic EPIC.

51
Q

What should be done if electronic equipment fails during an incident?

A

Replace the defective equipment as soon as possible to limit the impact on communications.

52
Q

What does propagation refer to in the context of radio communications?

A

The distance that a signal can travel.

53
Q

What is ‘free space path loss’?

A

The reduction in signal intensity by a factor of four each time the distance doubles.

54
Q

What is the maximum radiated power for fireground radios according to Ofcom?

A

Five watts for handheld devices.

55
Q

What is the effect of radio-frequency interference?

A

Reduced range, messages not being received, distortion, or unwanted signals.

56
Q

What must be ensured when operating base stations and repeaters?

A

Two base stations should not operate on the same channel within range of each other.

57
Q

What causes congestion in communication systems?

A

Too many users attempting to access a single radio channel or talk-group.

58
Q

What is the definition of an explosive atmosphere according to DSEAR?

A

A mixture of dangerous substances with air under atmospheric conditions that can spread combustion.

59
Q

What should be done if gases in group IIC are suspected to be present?

A

Use the Tait TP9361 IIC radio.

60
Q

What actions must incident commanders take regarding intrinsically safe communication equipment?

A

Ensure that intrinsically safe communications equipment is used in potentially explosive atmospheres.

61
Q

What should personnel do when transmitting radio messages?

A

Use the correct call sign and maintain radio discipline.

62
Q

What is the M/ETHANE message protocol used for?

A

To exchange information about the incident with other responders via Brigade Control.

63
Q

Fill in the blank: The role of the Operational Communications Tactical Advisor is to assist in the devising and implementation of an appropriate _______.

A

communications plan.

64
Q

True or False: Digital main scheme radios can transmit safely around electronically sensitive equipment without any precautions.

A

False.

65
Q

What should be done to avoid communication failures due to congestion?

A

Monitor channels to ensure they are clear and use alternative channels if necessary.

IC1 LFB (5 decks)

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