policy and development (population etc.)

Question 1

what is a government budget

Answer 1

a projection of the governments revenues and spendings of a fiscal year

Question 2

what is a budget deficit

Answer 2

when spending > revenue

Question 3

what is a budget surplus

Answer 3

when revenue > spending

Question 4

what is national debt

Answer 4

Total of all debts owed by the goverment of a country

Question 5

what is public sector borrowing

Answer 5

the amt. of money a gov needs each yr to finance a shortfall of revenue below expenditure

Question 6

what r the 2 demand side policies

Answer 6

fiscal and monetary

Question 7

what is expansionary and contractionary fiscal

Answer 7

stimulates AD by reducing taxes and increase public spending
contractionary does the opposite

Question 8

what is expansionary and contractionary monetary

Answer 8

stimulates AD by reducing interest rates and increase money supply
contractionary does the opposite

Question 9

list 2 types of poverty

Answer 9

absolute relative

Question 10

what is absolute poverty

Answer 10

state in which people lack the basic needs of food, water and shelter

Question 11

what is relative poverty

Answer 11

when households receive 50% less than avg. household incomes

Question 12

list 2 poverty indices

Answer 12

human development index and human poverty index

Question 13

define foreign aid

Answer 13

any type of assistance one country voluntarily transfers to another. This can occur thru capital, food, supplies or services such as humanitarian aid and military assistance

Question 14

what is a population explosion

Answer 14

sudden large increase in the size of a population

Question 15

what is birth rate

Answer 15

no, of ppl born per 1000 people

Question 16

what is death rate

Answer 16

the no. of people who die per 1000 people

Question 17

what is population growth rate

Answer 17

the difference between birth and death rate

Question 18

birth rate formula

Answer 18

no. of births/population * 1000

Question 19

death rate formula

Answer 19

no. of deaths/population * 1000

Question 20

what is net migration

Answer 20

Net migration is the difference between emigration and immigration to and from a country.Increase in net migration will lead to increase in population.

Question 21

dependancy ratio formula

Answer 21

dependant population/working population

Question 22

what is dependant population

Answer 22

people that rely on labor force to produce the goods and services they want

Question 23

what is optimum population

Answer 23

optimum population allows a country to maximise output per head of the population from its existing resources