Policies/Directives/Standards/Legislation Flashcards
Water Framework Directive? (2010)
- Requires member countries to plan & deliver a better water environment, focusing on ecology
- Builds on directives surrounding bioaccumulation
- To progressively protect and enhance quality of surface water, ground water, estuaries, sustainable use of water
Agenda 21?
- Rio Declaration on Environment & Development
- Comprehensive plan to combat ways in which humans impact on the environment
- Identifies role of ‘think global but act local’ as well as social inclusion and personal responsibility for environment
- Commitment to sustainable development
Environmental Information Regulation (EIR)?
Gives the public access rights to environmental information held by a public authority in response to requests
United Declaration on Rights of the Indigenous people(2007)?
- Standard for treatment of indigenous people that will undoubtedly be insignificant tool towards eliminating human right violations, discrimination and marginalisation
- Important for culture to continue and uniqueness
Principle 21; ‘Good Neighbours’ Stockholm Declaration
Have sovereign right to exploit own resource pursuant to their own environment policies and responsibilities to ensure activities or control don’t damage environment of other states beyond limit of national jurisdiction
Kyoto Protocol
International treaty extending from UN Framework Convention on Climate Change that commits member countries to reduce GHGs
UN Environment Programme (UNEP)
International approach to environmental management through providing leadership and partnership in caring for environment via inspiring/informing etc.
Paris Convention
- Embrace holistic responsibility for environmental protection
- Aim to prevent and eliminate pollution by looking at dumping of wastes e.g.
- Oslo and Paris agreements= OSPAR
Montreal Convention
- Vienna Convention for Ozone layer protection + Montreal protocol on substances that deplete ozone layer
- Includes adjustment provision enabling parties to respond quick to new scientific information and agree to accelerate reduce impacts
Basel Convention; Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal
- Objective: protect human health and environment against adverse effects of hazardous waste
- Aims:
1) Reduce hazardous waste generation and promote environmentally sound management and disposal
2) Restrict transboundary movements of hazardous waste except where perceived to be in accordance with principles of environmentally sound management
3) Regulatory system applying to cases where transboundary movements are given permission
Rasmar Convention
Conserve and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions & cooperation
Only global treaty dealing with particular ecosystem
Environmental Protection Act (1990)
- Improve control of pollution arising from industrial processes
- Integration of Integrated Pollution Control
- Provision to make regulations defining prescribed substances
Pollution Prevention and Control Act (1999)
- Enable provision to be made concerning integrated pollution prevention and control in the UK
- Regulate activities capable of causing environment pollution and preventing controlling of emissions
Water Resource Act (1991)
Protection of water against pollution and other water resource management
Control of Major Accident Hazard Regulations (COMAH)
- Places duty on competent authority to inspect activities subject to regulation and prohibit operation of an establishment if evidence that measures taken to prevent or mitigate major accidents are deficient
- Examine safety reports and inform operators on conclusions of these
Environment Agency
- To discharge functions to protect and enhance the environment and contribute to achieving sustainable development
- Adopt clear procedures, activities and relationships with all stakeholders
BS ISO14001 (2004)
- International standard for EMS
- Implement/maintain/improve environmental performance and ensure compliance with environment policy.
- Doesn’t require public reporting
- Demonstrates business commitment
BS 8555 (2003)
- Provide guidance to organisations on environmental performance, satisfy environmental criteria and use of performance indicators
- 6 stage to implementation which states what is needed to introduce an EMS
EU Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS)
- Management tool/voluntary instrument to evaluate reports and environmental performance of an organisation
- Requirements need to be met (env. policy, review, programme, statement etc.) and public reporting must be included
Environmental Impact Assessment
Identifies environmental, social and economic impacts prior to decision making so that the design process can be most environmentally friendly.
Pollution Prevention Guidelines (PPGs)
Number of PPGs produced by EA to target particular industrial sector or activity and provide advice on legal responsibilities and good environmental practice
