Policies Flashcards
What was the Butler Act 1944?
- created the tripartite system
- grammar schools - academic curriculum, 11+ exam, 20% of population, m/c children + cultural capital
- secondary modern - manual skills, offered to those who failed 11+, 75% of population
- technical - 5% of population, vocational and technical skills, m/c + w/c
Evaluate the tripartite system
Strengths
- promotes role allocation
- meritocracy as everyone sits 11+
Weakness
- reproduces + legitimises class inequality
- promotes myth of meritocracy
When was comprehensive education formed?
1965
What are the two main aspects of comprehensive education?
Catchment area
- designated area around the school that allows for students who fall into that area to attend the school
- high priority groups + having a sibling in the school
Setting and streaming
-dividing students based on their ability and sometimes on behaviour
Analysis for comprehensive schools
Gerwitz - privileged choosers
Tough and Brooks - covert selection
Allen and Jenkins - marketisation helps as schools will use complex language that m/c understand
Leech and campos - selection by mortgage
When and what was the Educational reform Act?
1988 + marketisation - introducing market forces of consumer choice and competition between suppliers into areas run by the state
Who favours marketisation + example
New Right - Chubb and Moe - consumer choice
- argue American state schools have failed in their goals and should be placed in the free market as they fail disadvantaged groups and fail to prepare students for the world of work
How does parents choosing the school raise its standards?
Schools need to attract parents
Parents get an incentive of an ‘education voucher’
Name 5 factors of marketisation
ANY FROM
- sponsors - being funded by business
- league tables - online data about school
- formula funding - schools are paid the same amount for every student that helps to buy resources eg
- ofsted - government funded system that measures the success of schools
- LEA - schools used to be under their control and they controlled how their finances were spent
- free schools - schools that are set up on their own
Who came up with the concept of parentocracy and what is it
Miriam David - power is taken away from the producers and is given to the consumers of education to foster competition
How does ball criticise marketisation
Reproduces class inequality - marketisation benefits the middle class and disadvantages the working class
How does gerwitz criticise marketisation
Myth of parentocracy - privileged choosers, semi skilled and disconnected choosers
Study of 14 schools using interviews and secondary data
What does Bartlett 1933 say
Cream skimming - schools actively select the most able students that can achieve the best through using entry requirements
Silt shifting - using covert selection pupils by sifting and sorting out the adequate children for that school through for eg making uniform expensive
Name 5 new labour policies
Aim higher - raise the aspirations of the under represented within society {136 million given and got cut down by coalition govt}
National literacy challenge - introduced set amount of numeracy and literacy to be taught to help the disadvantaged
EMA - encourage students of disadvantaged backgrounds to stay in school after age of 16 and would collect £30 allowance
City academies - school states that were independent of LEA and received funding directly from the govt
EAZ - inner city schools would receive extra funding for resources which usually came from private sponsors
Sure start - pre school children could receiver earlier support in their development
What does Benn say to evaluate the NL policies
Some policies reduced inequalities whereas some increased them
Eg. Tuition fees
