Poli sci unit 2 quiz

Question 1

ideology

Answer 1

-a system of beliefs about how a society should be governed
-Organizes the complexity of the world into something simple and understandable

Question 2

affective polarization

Answer 2

-A belief that one’s ideological opponents are one’s enemy
-A marked difference in warmth towards co-partisans as opposed to the opposing partisans

Question 3

example of affective polarization

Answer 3

-“I don’t care who my kid marries, but if they bring home a Trump Republican, I don’t know what I’d do.”

Question 4

political theory examples

Answer 4

-Ways to think about the good life
-Written in complex language intended to sound educational or objective

Question 5

political ideology examples

Answer 5

-A system of beliefs about how society should be governed
-Written in simple and targeted language designed to convince readers

Question 6

critical race theory characteristics

Answer 6

-Sees racism as both conscious and subconscious
- Is the ideology that animates the Black Lives Matter movement
-Is a Black liberation movement

Question 7

The Left-Right spectrum organizes ideologies according to:

Answer 7

-the desired role of the state relative to the economy

Question 8

far left

Answer 8

-communism
-no private property
-no free markets

Question 9

moderate left

Answer 9

social democracy

Question 10

right

Answer 10

-conservatism
-no government

Question 11

conservatism developed as an ideology…

Answer 11

-in response to the rise of radical movements and ideologies

Question 12

According to the authors, conservatives have an organic view of society. Which of the following best describes what that means?

Answer 12

-Society is like an organism. It is made up of different parts that all play their role within the organism’s structure and hierarchy.

Question 13

characteristics of conservatism

Answer 13

-Tradition is important; it bonds our society together across generations
-Politics should not be central to life. Rather, we should focus on family, religion and enterprise.
-Property rights are an essential building block of our economy and social order
-pessimistic view of human nature
-belief in patriotism
-valuing of tradition

Question 14

social conservatism

Answer 14

-belief that the state should make laws to reinforce traditional morality
-family, tradition, religion

Question 15

fiscal conservatism

Answer 15

-belief that the state should be only minimally involved in regulating the economy or redistributing income
-small govt, private property, economic freedom, free market

Question 16

national conservatism

Answer 16

-belief that the state should inculcate patriotism and shared culture
-national identity, culture

Question 17

libertarianism

Answer 17

-belief that there should be almost no state involvement in regulating either the economy or personal behaviour

Question 18

liberalism views society as:

Answer 18

-underpinned by a morality of self-interest

Question 19

how does liberalism understands individual rights?

Answer 19

-Every person has innate rights

Question 20

definition of “neo-liberalism”

Answer 20

-A belief that government should be only minimally involved in the economy so that the logic of the market can prevail
-free market
-contrast to reform liberalsim

Question 21

In socialist thought, war, crime, ignorance, unemployment, poverty and even disease are regarded as:

Answer 21

-A product of capitalist economic and social arrangements

Question 22

socialism

Answer 22

Equality of outcome: people should have similar material wealth

Question 23

Reform Liberalism

Answer 23

Equality of opportunity: people should have similar opportunities in life to do with what they will
-‘positive’ liberty
-advocated for a larger role for government in addressing inequality

Question 24

Classical Liberalism

Answer 24

Formal equality : people should be equal under the law
-The state impairs peoples’ freedom
-‘negative’ liberty- freedom from oppression

Question 25

Classical Conservatism

Answer 25

-We are all better off if people understand their place in society
-Freedom should be balanced with tradition and virtue

Question 26

mixed economy

Answer 26

-income redistribution
-some government ownership
-regulation of business
-public provision of some services

Question 27

liberalism

Answer 27

-so deeply ingrained in our society its almost invisible
-elements:
-individual rights
-humans are rational and self interested
-social improvements possible and likely
-freedom of thought, association and expression
-private property and market
-free trade

Question 28

Neo-conservatism

Answer 28

-social traditionalism
-free markets
-‘hawkish’ anti communist foreign policy
-contrast to old conservatism

Question 29

socialism

Answer 29

-begins as a critique of capitalism
-themes:
-an optimistic view of human nature
-belief in some form of common ownership
-commitment to equality
-freedom
-robust role for the state

Question 30

revolutionary socialism

Answer 30

-marxist-leninist (‘communist’) : state ownership planned the economy
-maoist: peasants overthrow capitalism

Question 31

social democracy

Answer 31

-commited to liberal democracy
-allows for free market
-role in:
redistributing income
providing social programs
workers right to organize through unions