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PSYC 1100 > POLI 1102 > Flashcards

POLI 1102 Flashcards

1
Q

What does a constitutional monarchy mean?

A

it means that it is a democracy headed by a King or Queen.

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2
Q

Who is the head of state in Canada

A

the Queen

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3
Q

Why is Canada said to have a “dual executive”? what are the two executives?

A

the formal and largely symbolic executive powers are given to the Queen or governor general, and the effective executive made up of the prime minister and Cabinet.

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4
Q

what is the effective executive?

A

made up of the prime minister and Cabinet.

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5
Q

What is the crown?

A

the concept of the crown revolves around the head of state and be defined as the collectivity of executive powers exercised by or in the name of the monarch.

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6
Q

what are crown corporations?

A

state-owned corporations

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7
Q

what are crown lands?

A

state-owned lands

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8
Q

what three important aspects of Parliament that reflect the existence of the monarchical system?

A

royal assent; the speech from the throne and her Majesty’s Loyal Opposition.

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9
Q

what is the governor general?

A

a local representative of the monarch in Canada.

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10
Q

who chooses the governor general?

A

prime minister

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11
Q

How long of term does governor general serve?

A

5 years approximately.

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12
Q

what sources do the Queen of Canada and governor general derive their power?

A

the Constitution Act 1867, the Letters Patent, and the royal prerogative.

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13
Q

what does section 9 of the 1867 Act declare?

A

“Executive Government and Authority of and over Canada is … vested in the Queen.”

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14
Q

what does section 15 of the 1867 Act declare?

A

Puts the Queen as commander-in-chief of Canada’s military forces.

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15
Q

what are the letters patent?

A

legal documents from 1947 that creates the office of governor general.

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16
Q

What do the letters patent state about governor general?

A

confers all monarch power on to the governor general of canada, including the title of commander-in-chief; the power to appoint and remove ministers and judges, the power to summon and dissolve Parliament and the power of pardon.

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17
Q

what are the royal/prerogative powers?

A

the residual authority of the Crown that remains from the days when the monarch was almost absolute.

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18
Q

Are prerogative powers written or unwritten?

A

unwritten, based on custom and convention. This makes the vulnerable.

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19
Q

What was the King-Byng dispute?

A

The governor general Lord Byng in 1926 refused Mackenzie King’s request to dissolve Parliament and call an election.

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20
Q

Why has the governor general been called “constitutional fire extinguisher”?

A

their emergency powers can be used only when normal controls cannot operate and a crisis gets out of hand.

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21
Q

Why should the governor general avoid any action that could be interpreted as partisan?

A

The governor general is meant to be impartial

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22
Q

what roles do general governor largely play?

A

ceremonial and symbolic role

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23
Q

Are the Cabinet and prime ministers provided for in the constitution written?

A

No they are not, it relies on custom and conventions.

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24
Q

what are orders in council?

A

formal, legal decisions made by the prime minister and Cabinet, including regulations and appointments

25
Q

who selects the cabinet ministers?

A

prime minister

26
Q

what is the prime minister known as once appointed?

A

right honourable

27
Q

What are the cabinet members known as (what is added to their names)? -2 things.

A

honourable, PC is added after their name (Privy Councillor)

28
Q

Why does the privy council contain 400 members? How are they differientiated?

A

These are lifetime appointments and titles and members of previous councils. Only current in the Cabinet of the Day are invited to meetings.

29
Q

in normal circumstances who exercises the powers of the Crown?

A

Cabinet and Prime Minister

30
Q

what is the most important responsibility of the prime minister and cabinet?

A

providing overall political leadership and determining priorities for the country.

31
Q

what is the speech from the throne?

A

The document prepared by the prime minister and Cabinet and read by the governor general at the opening of each session of Parliament outline the government’s legislative proposals for the session to follow.

32
Q

what are ministerial responsibility?

A

The principle that cabinet ministers are individually responsible to the House of Commons for everything that happens in their department.

33
Q

what is the system of government that Canada inherited from Britain traditionally called? And why?

A

Cabinet government, because the Cabinet was a collective decision making body.

34
Q

From cabinet government what has Canadian government transformed into?

A

Prime ministerial government.

35
Q

what is it meant that the PM is the Cabinet-maker?

A

Selects their own ministers and decide which portfolios to assign them.

36
Q

what are mandate letters?

A

letters that ministers are given by the PM to outline their expectations with their portfolio.

37
Q

What keeps ministers submissive to the PM?

A

the fact that they can promote, demote hire and fire them.

38
Q

Why does chairing the cabinet meetings give the PM power?

A

Decides the agenda, may suspend meetings, summon additional meetings , modify or set aside usual convention of the meetings.

39
Q

what is calls the consensus?

A

the end of a cabinet meeting.

40
Q

Why does being the leader of the party give the prime minister power?

A

Gives them the power to control party organisation, personnel, strategy and policy.

41
Q

Why does being called the chief policymaker give the prime minister power?

A

the prime minister may not be able to be involved in all policies passed by their government but they can follow up on personal interest ones.

42
Q

What makes the PM the central player in the House of Commons?

A

They decide on almost every bill how all MP’s will vote.

43
Q

What is meant by the PM being the Chief personnel manager?

A

PM appointments many roles; ministers, senators, Supreme Court and other judges, deputy ministers, heads of a wide range of gov. agencies, certain diplomats and lieutenant governors.

44
Q

What is majority government?

A

a situation in which the party in power has over 50 percent of the seats in the House of Commons.

45
Q

what is hierarchy of the Cabinet?

A

Deputy PM (if there is one), regular departmental ministers (ex, finance, justice, foreign affairs HR etc.), ministers without fully fledged departments.

46
Q

How many senators in modern times usually serve in the cabinet?

A

One

47
Q

Is it possible for the PM to name someone in the cabinet who has not won an election to the commons?

A

Yes but they must run in a by-election as soon as possible to obtain a chair.

48
Q

what are parliamentary secretaries?

A

Government MPs that have been given additional responsibilities to assist a Cabinet minister.

49
Q

what is collective responsibility?

A

a convention holding that all cabinet ministers are collectively responsible for government policy.

50
Q

what is horizontal management?

A

The increasing involvement of a wide range of bureaucratic interests in the development of government policy.

51
Q

what is cabinet solidarity?

A

All ministers must publicly defend all cabinet policies or resign

52
Q

what is the most extreme manifestation of cabinet solidarity?

A

annual budget

53
Q

Are ministerial resignations over policy differences common? How many since 1867?

A

no, only 30

54
Q

What are the three principles of Cabinet?

A

cabinet, solidarity, collective responsibility and cabinet secrecy

55
Q

what is cabinet secrecy?

A

a convention that cabinet and cabinet committee meetings are held behind closed doors and that all documents and discussions relating thereto are strictly confidential.

56
Q

what is a departmental cabinet?

A

A cabinet characterised by ministers and departments that operate with substantial autonomy from the PM, other ministers departments and central agencies. pre 1960s

57
Q

what is an institutionalised cabinet?

A

A cabinet characterised by collective ministerial decision-making and strong agencies that support collective cabinet operations.

58
Q

what are the three primary functions of the clerk of the Privy Council and secretary to the Cabinet?

A
  1. clerk is the deputy minister to the prime minister
  2. Is secretary to the Cabinet
  3. is the head of public service
59
Q
A

PSYC 1100 (2 decks)

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