Polarity & Bonds & Molecular Geometry

Question 1

Dipole

Answer 1

a molecule with a slightly positive end and slightly negative end

Question 2

Dipole dipole force

Answer 2

the intermolecular force between the positive end of one molecule to the negative end of another molecule

Question 3

intermolecular forces

Answer 3

forces that act between molecules

Question 4

intramolecular forces

Answer 4

forces that act in molecules

Question 5

london dispersion forces

Answer 5

• weakest
• temporary attractive force that results when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles
• between non polar molecules & noble gas molecules

Question 6

molecular size affect on dispersion forces

Answer 6

more elections = bigger atomic radius = larger electron cloud = larger distance for electrons to move = larger temporary dipole = higher boiling point

Question 7

molecular shape affect on dispersion forces

Answer 7

longer chained = greater electron movement = more closely packed electrons = greater attractive forces = larger temporary dipole = higher boiling point

Question 8

dipole dipole interactions

Answer 8

• strongest
• between two polar molecules
• occurs when a partially positive end of a molecule interacts with the partially negative end of a molecule

Question 9

what’s a rule for dipole dipole interactions to occur

Answer 9

molecules must be around the same size- have about he same number of electrons

Question 10

hydrogen bonding

Answer 10

• dipole actions that occurs between molecules that have a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom
• either fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen
• occurs when the partially positive end of hydrogen attracts the partially negative end of F, O, or N
• these compounds have high boiling points

Question 11

what is responsible for the strength of hydrogen bonding

Answer 11

• big EN difference so great polarity

- close approach of dipoles because hydrogens extremely small size

Question 12

dipole induced dipole interactions

Answer 12

• between a polar molecules and a non polar molecule

- the polar molecule induces polarity in the non polar molecule

Question 13

ion dipole interaction

Answer 13

• exists between a polar molecule and an ion
• Several polar molecules work together on one ion to slowly break up the lattice
• Make bonds called “ion-dipoles”

Question 14

what is responsible for a high boiling point

Answer 14

-strong intermolecular forces

Question 15

permanent dipole

Answer 15

• occurs when two atoms have a high electronegativity difference
• a polar molecule has a permanent dipole

Question 16

what is a polar molecule

Answer 16

a molecule that unequal charge distribution throughout its orbital

Question 17

what is a characteristic of a polar molecule

Answer 17

water soluble

Question 18

what is a characteristic of a non polar molecule

Answer 18

fat soluble