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Emergency and Critical Care > Poisons > Flashcards

Poisons Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

Name for Slug baits (pellets)

A

Metaldehyde

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2
Q

Name for antifreeze

A

Ethylene Glycol

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3
Q

Name for Chocolate

A

Theobromine

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4
Q

Name for weedkiller

A

Paraquat

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5
Q

Signs of Paracetamol poisoning

A
  • Cyanosis
  • Respiratory Distress
  • Facial swelling (cats)
  • liver failure (especially dogs)
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6
Q

Treatment for Paracetamol poisoning

A
  • Emesis

- N-acetylcysteine

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7
Q

Clinical signs of ibuprofen poisoning

A
  • Gastric ulceration
  • vomiting
  • Renal failure gas
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8
Q

Treatment of ibuprofen poisoning

A
  • Emesis
  • activated charcoal
  • IVFT
  • Gastroprotectant drugs
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9
Q

Clinical signs of Anticoagulant rodenticides poisoning

A
  • Haemorrhage (5-7 days after ingestion of toxin)
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10
Q

Treatment of Anticoagulant rodenticides poisoning

A
  • Emesis
  • activated charcoal
  • vitamin K (S/C or Orally)
  • Whole blood or plasma transfusion
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11
Q

Clinical Signs of Metaldehyde (slug pellet) poisoning

A
  • Severe seizures
  • depression
  • Vomiting and Diarrhoea
  • Hyperthermia
  • Metabolic acidosis
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12
Q

Treatment of Metaldehyde (slug pellet) poisoning

A
  • Gastric lavage
  • activated charcoal
  • control seizures
  • cool
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13
Q

Clinical signs of Xylitol poisoning

A
  • Collapsed due to hypoglycaemia

- can progress to liver failure with vomiting and icterus

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14
Q

Treatment of Xylitol poisoning

A
  • Emesis if patient is neurologically appropriate
  • I/V glucose for hypoglycaemia
  • supportive care and hepatoprotectants for acute hepatic necrosis
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15
Q

Clinical signs of Oranophosphates/ carbamate

Insecticides

A
  • Salivation
  • Lacrimation
  • Urination
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhoea
  • Muscle tetany (twitching)
  • Depression
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16
Q

Treatment of Oranophosphates/ carbamate

Insecticides poisoning

A
  • Activated charcoal
  • prevent further grooming
  • Bathe (if topical exposure)
  • Atropine
17
Q

Clinical Signs of Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning

A
  • Vomiting
  • Depression
  • Ataxia
  • Dehydration
  • Oliguric Renal failure
18
Q

Treatment of Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning

A
  • Emesis
  • IVFT
  • Ethanol
  • 4-methylpyazole (specific antidote for use in dogs)
19
Q

Clinical Signs of Theobromine (Chocolate) poisoning

A
  • Restlessness
  • Panting
  • Vomiting
  • Tachycardia
  • Cardiac Arrhythmias
20
Q

Treatment of Theobromine (Chocolate) poisoning

A
  • Emesis
  • Activated Charcoal
  • Arrhythmia treatment
21
Q

Clinical signs of Paraquat (weedkiller) poisoning

A
  • Vomiting
  • Renal and hepatic signs
  • Dyspnoea
22
Q

Treatment of Paraquat (weedkiller) poisoning

A
  • No specific treatment

- Supportive Care

23
Q

Clinical signs of Liliun spp. And Hemerocallis including Tiger, Easter and Stargazer lilies poisoning

A
  • Acute kidney injury
24
Q

Treatment of Liliun spp. And Hemerocallis including Tiger, Easter and Stargazer lilies poisoning

A
  • Supportive Care
25
Q

Clinical signs of Permethrin (found in some over-the-counter flea treatments) poisoning

A
  • Twitching
  • Muscular Tremors
  • Seizures
26
Q

Treatment of Permethrin (found in some over-the-counter flea treatments) poisoning

A
  • Wash area with warm water and detergent
  • consider intralipid therapy
  • Heavy sedation/ anaesthesia to control seizures may be required
  • Supportive Care

Emergency and Critical Care (4 decks)

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