Poisonings and Toxic Exposure Flashcards
Can paramedics work in hot zones or warm zones?
No 
In chemical exposure, incidents is clinically required for care planning? 
Yes
What does chlorine ammonia and phosgene affect?
They affect primarily the pulmonary system
What does hydrogen helium, ethane, ethylene, nitrogen, neon, carbon dioxide argon, acetylene, methane, propane, and propylene have in common and affect which body systems to cause harm?
They are asphyxiants and cause hypoxia to the pt.
What does toilet oil, cleaners, drain cleaners, metal polish, electro, pleading solution, descaling, solutions, and battery fluid have in common?
They are acids
How do Acids injure the body?
Acid to attack, protein, and tissue, causing coagulation necrosis and inflammation airway. Compromise may occur and should be managed conservatively
What do drain in oven cleaners detergents bleaches have in common?
They are alkalis
Can you use super glottic airways when patients have ingested and alkaline substance?
No, they are contraindicated
Where does carbon monoxide come from?
Produced by incomplete combustion of carbon containing materials, such as gasoline and heating fuel, propane, oil, wood, and Cole
Do patients with CO levels between three and 10% need to be conveyed to a hospital?
Yes, if they are symptomatic
Noif they are asymptomatic
Can CO cross the placenta?
Yes, it can cross the placenta and it’s readily absorbed after inhalation
What is the typical percentage of CEO and someone’s blood if they are a smoker?
As high as 7 to 9%
What would be a fatal CO poisoning dose of parts per million and time be?
5000 ppm for five minutes
Should ACP’s Avoid alkalosis or acidosis in CO poisoning patients?
Avoid alkalosis
Slight acidosis is potentially beneficial for the patient
Should you admit your prophylaxis glucose and CO poisoning patients?
Yes
How does cyanide poisoning affect the body?
It inhibits the activity of the mitochondria, preventing aerobic respiration. in other words, it is a cellular hypoxic poisoning.
What can ACP’s do to treat a cyanide poisoning patient?
Push dose epi for hypotension and treat seizures with benzodiazepines
Is consultation with clinical required when headed to an H2 S exposure?
Yes
What are common interventions APs can do for patients that have exposed themselves to hydrogen sulfide?
Intubation of respiratory depression or neurological paralysis
Administration of benzodiazepines for seizures
What are organophosphates commonly known as?
Pesticides to control insects
What do organa phosphates cause within humans?
Inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase
What happens when you stimulate the muscarinic and nicotine receptors in a human body?
Muscarinic receptors are primarily in your parasympathetic nervous system
Nicotinic receptors are primarily found in your sympathetic nervous system
What is the treatment for argon phosphate poisoning?
Atropine
What is your dose of atropine initially for treating an Ocono phosphate poisoning?
1 to 2 mg doubling the dose every five minutes
What is the main state of all poisonings that ACP need to consider?
Airway management
Do ACP’s have to call clinicall to treat beta blocker overdoses?
Yes, for certain treatments which include calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium sulfate, and EPi infusion
How does acp’s treat bradycardia?
Atropine is their first line
Epi and transcutaneous pacing are considered equal
What is a TCA?
Tricyclic acid anti-depressant
What is the significant sign with a TCA overdose?
Hypotension
Metabolic acidosis
Should you give lidocaine or amiodarone in a TCA overdose that has arrested?
No, TCA is a sodium blocker and either lidocaine and or amiodarone would exacerbate the sodium channelopathy
What antiarrhythmic may you give during a TCA overdose arrest?
Magnesium sulphate
What ECG findings would you find with a patient that has overdosed on TCA?
QRS greater than 100 ms
Deep Swaves in Leeds, one and AVL
Tall R waves in lead AVr
Tachycardia
What medications do ACP give in an TCA overdose and must call clinicall prior to giving?
Sodium bicarbonate
Push epi
Magnesium sulphate
What are the two types of calcium channel blockers?
One primarily affects the vasculature
One primarily affect the myocardium
What treatments can ACP give without calling clinicall?
Atropine
Which therapies in calcium channel blocker toxicity, and ACP after calling clinicall?
Calcium chloride 1 to 2 g over 10 minutes
Push those Eppy or infusion
What is the max dose of Narcan an ACP can give after contacting clinicall?
10 mg
If a child swallows, a button battery what can paramedics do to help?
If it has been within 12 hours and no airway concerns, the patient can drink 10 mils of honey every 10 minutes to a max dose of 60 mils.
Do not give this to patients that are under one year of age
What treatments compare paramedics do for sepsis?
Fluid administration, oxygen, vasopressors, and use of ketamine if needed to anaesthesia induct a patient
