Poisonings and Toxic Exposure

Question 1

Can paramedics work in hot zones or warm zones?

Answer 1

No 

Question 2

In chemical exposure, incidents is clinically required for care planning? 

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

What does chlorine ammonia and phosgene affect?

Answer 3

They affect primarily the pulmonary system

Question 4

What does hydrogen helium, ethane, ethylene, nitrogen, neon, carbon dioxide argon, acetylene, methane, propane, and propylene have in common and affect which body systems to cause harm?

Answer 4

They are asphyxiants and cause hypoxia to the pt.

Question 5

What does toilet oil, cleaners, drain cleaners, metal polish, electro, pleading solution, descaling, solutions, and battery fluid have in common?

Answer 5

They are acids

Question 6

How do Acids injure the body?

Answer 6

Acid to attack, protein, and tissue, causing coagulation necrosis and inflammation airway. Compromise may occur and should be managed conservatively

Question 7

What do drain in oven cleaners detergents bleaches have in common?

Answer 7

They are alkalis

Question 8

Can you use super glottic airways when patients have ingested and alkaline substance?

Answer 8

No, they are contraindicated

Question 9

Where does carbon monoxide come from?

Answer 9

Produced by incomplete combustion of carbon containing materials, such as gasoline and heating fuel, propane, oil, wood, and Cole

Question 10

Do patients with CO levels between three and 10% need to be conveyed to a hospital?

Answer 10

Yes, if they are symptomatic
Noif they are asymptomatic

Question 11

Can CO cross the placenta?

Answer 11

Yes, it can cross the placenta and it’s readily absorbed after inhalation

Question 12

What is the typical percentage of CEO and someone’s blood if they are a smoker?

Answer 12

As high as 7 to 9%

Question 13

What would be a fatal CO poisoning dose of parts per million and time be?

Answer 13

5000 ppm for five minutes

Question 14

Should ACP’s Avoid alkalosis or acidosis in CO poisoning patients?

Answer 14

Avoid alkalosis
Slight acidosis is potentially beneficial for the patient

Question 15

Should you admit your prophylaxis glucose and CO poisoning patients?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

How does cyanide poisoning affect the body?

Answer 16

It inhibits the activity of the mitochondria, preventing aerobic respiration. in other words, it is a cellular hypoxic poisoning.

Question 17

What can ACP’s do to treat a cyanide poisoning patient?

Answer 17

Push dose epi for hypotension and treat seizures with benzodiazepines

Question 18

Is consultation with clinical required when headed to an H2 S exposure?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

What are common interventions APs can do for patients that have exposed themselves to hydrogen sulfide?

Answer 19

Intubation of respiratory depression or neurological paralysis
Administration of benzodiazepines for seizures

Question 20

What are organophosphates commonly known as?

Answer 20

Pesticides to control insects

Question 21

What do organa phosphates cause within humans?

Answer 21

Inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase

Question 22

What happens when you stimulate the muscarinic and nicotine receptors in a human body?

Answer 22

Muscarinic receptors are primarily in your parasympathetic nervous system
Nicotinic receptors are primarily found in your sympathetic nervous system

Question 23

What is the treatment for argon phosphate poisoning?

Answer 23

Atropine

Question 24

What is your dose of atropine initially for treating an Ocono phosphate poisoning?

Answer 24

1 to 2 mg doubling the dose every five minutes

Question 25

What is the main state of all poisonings that ACP need to consider?

Answer 25

Airway management

Question 26

Do ACP’s have to call clinicall to treat beta blocker overdoses?

Answer 26

Yes, for certain treatments which include calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium sulfate, and EPi infusion

Question 27

How does acp’s treat bradycardia?

Answer 27

Atropine is their first line
Epi and transcutaneous pacing are considered equal

Question 28

What is a TCA?

Answer 28

Tricyclic acid anti-depressant

Question 29

What is the significant sign with a TCA overdose?

Answer 29

Hypotension
Metabolic acidosis

Question 30

Should you give lidocaine or amiodarone in a TCA overdose that has arrested?

Answer 30

No, TCA is a sodium blocker and either lidocaine and or amiodarone would exacerbate the sodium channelopathy

Question 31

What antiarrhythmic may you give during a TCA overdose arrest?

Answer 31

Magnesium sulphate

Question 32

What ECG findings would you find with a patient that has overdosed on TCA?

Answer 32

QRS greater than 100 ms
Deep Swaves in Leeds, one and AVL
Tall R waves in lead AVr
Tachycardia

Question 33

What medications do ACP give in an TCA overdose and must call clinicall prior to giving?

Answer 33

Sodium bicarbonate
Push epi
Magnesium sulphate

Question 34

What are the two types of calcium channel blockers?

Answer 34

One primarily affects the vasculature
One primarily affect the myocardium

Question 35

What treatments can ACP give without calling clinicall?

Answer 35

Atropine

Question 36

Which therapies in calcium channel blocker toxicity, and ACP after calling clinicall?

Answer 36

Calcium chloride 1 to 2 g over 10 minutes
Push those Eppy or infusion

Question 37

What is the max dose of Narcan an ACP can give after contacting clinicall?

Answer 37

10 mg

Question 38

If a child swallows, a button battery what can paramedics do to help?

Answer 38

If it has been within 12 hours and no airway concerns, the patient can drink 10 mils of honey every 10 minutes to a max dose of 60 mils.
Do not give this to patients that are under one year of age

Question 39

What treatments compare paramedics do for sepsis?

Answer 39

Fluid administration, oxygen, vasopressors, and use of ketamine if needed to anaesthesia induct a patient