Neurological Emergencies

Question 1

What is the main concern with altered level of conscious patient?

Answer 1

They are at high risk for a functional airway obstruction and hypoxia, the management of oxygenation and ventilation must take priority over search for potential reversible causes

Question 2

what does AEIOUTIPS stand for?

Answer 2

Alcohol
Epilepsy or electrolytes
Insulin
Overdoses
Uraemia or underdosing
Trauma
Infection
Psychosis
Sepsis, shock or stroke

Hypertension, hypoxia, and hypo or hyperthermia also included in altered level of consciousness

Question 3

what acronym can you use for syncope?

Answer 3

Head heart vessels

In each one of these three, there are multiple etiologies of why a patient will become syncopized

Question 4

What is the first therapy for status epilepticus?

Answer 4

Benzodiazepines

Question 5

what does VITAMINDE stand for?

Answer 5

Vascular, insulin/ infection, trauma, AV malfunction vessel, metabolic, idiopathic, neoplasm, drugs, eclampsia

Question 6

What is the main state of care in a seizure?

Answer 6

Correction and protection of the airway and effective oxygenation as well cessation of the seizure

Question 7

can you give prophylactic benzodiazepines to patients that had seizures before hand however not currently seizing?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

what is the definition of status epilepticus?

Answer 8

A seizure that has lasted more than five minutes or two or more seizures in a row without the patient returning to their baseline consciousness

Question 9

should Medazzaland be given intramuscularly or intravenously on the first attempt?

Answer 9

Intramuscularly and can be repeated once if IV access is unsuccessful

Question 10

what is the dosing for intramuscular midazolam

Answer 10

5 to 10 mg every 2 to 5 minutes

Question 11

What is the dosing for Midazolam intravascular?

Answer 11

2 to 5 mg every 2 to 5 minutes

Question 12

What is the max dosage that a patient can receive of Midazolam from any route?

Answer 12

30 mg

Question 13

when should you intubate a patient that has been seizing?

Answer 13

When the patient is refractory to your benzodiazepine treatments/ if the pt. is vomiting

Question 14

What are the common symptoms of a haemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 14

GCS less than 10
Severe headache
Nausea vomiting
Bradycardia and hypertension
Anisocoria
And abnormal respirations

Question 15

What do ACP’s bring to stroke calls?

Answer 15

Typically ACP handle any airway, breathing situations that are present in a haemorrhagic stroke. Most ischaemic strokes will be handled by PCP colleagues and should be conveyed to a stroke receiving hospital.

Question 16

What ACP intervention is used during headache emergencies?

Answer 16

Pain management using fentanyl