POB Top 50 Flashcards
Concept:
medical model myth
An erroneous view of human behavior
that behavior is always a mere symptom of
an underlying psychological condition.
General Rule:
the don’t say rule
With nonverbal organisms, don't say expects, knows, thinks, figures out, in order to (or so that he/she, or it could...), trying to, makes the connection, associates, learns that, imagines, understands With any organisms, don't say want
Concept:
social validity
The goals, procedures, and results of an intervention are socially acceptable to the client, the behavior analyst, and society.
Principle:
the law of effect
The effects of our actions
determine whether we will repeat them.
Concept:
penalty contingency
The response-contingent
removal of
a reinforcer (positive reinforcer)
resulting in a decreased frequency of that response.
Principle:
spontaneous recovery
A tamporary recovery of the extinguished behavior
during the first part of each of the extinction sessions
that follow the first extinction session.
Principle:
extinction
Stopping the reinforcement or escape contingency
for a previously reinforced response
causes the response frequency to decrease.
Concept:
task analysis
An analysis of complex behavior
and sequences of behavior
into their component responses.
Concept:
single-subject research design
The entire experiment is conducted with a single subject,
though it may be replicated with several other subjects.
Concept:
response topography
The sequence (path of movement), form, or location of components of a response relative to the rest of the body.
Principle:
Premack principle
If one activity occurs more often than another,
the opportunity to do the more frequent activity
will reinforce the less frequent activity.
Procedure:
motivating operation
A procedure or condition
that affects learning and performance
with respect to a particular reinforcer or aversive condition.
Principle:
value-altering principle
The pairing procedure
converts a neutral stimulus into
a learned reinforcer
or learned aversive stimulus.
Concept:
generalized learned reinforcer
A learned reinforcer that is a reinforcer
because it has been paired with a variety of other reinforcers.
Concept:
token economy
A system of generalized learned reinforcer
in which the organism that receives those generalized reinforcers can save them
and exchange them for a variety of backup reinforcers later.
Concept:
discrimination training procedure
Reinforcing or punishing a response in the presence of one stimulus and extinguishing it or allowing it to recover in the presence of another stimulus.
Concept:
stimulus discrimination
(stimulus control)
The occurrence of a response more frequently in the presence of one stimulus
than in the presence of another,
usually as a result of a discrimination training procedure.
Concept:
prompt
A supplemental stimulus
that raises the probability of a correct response.
Concept:
fading procedure
At first, the S-delta and the S-dee differ along at least two stimulus dimentions.
Then the difference between the S-delta and the S-dee is reduced along all but one dimension,
until the S-delta and the S-dee differ along only the relevant dimension.
Concept:
stimulus generalization
The behavioral contingencies
in the presence of one stimulus
affect the frequency of the response
in the presence of another stimulus.
Concept:
matching to sample
Selecting a comparison stimulus
corresponding to a sample stimulus.
Concept:
concept training
Reinforcing or punishing a response in the presence of one stimulus class and extinguishing it or allowing it to recover in the presence of another stimulus class.
Concept:
imitation
The form of the behavior of the imitator
is controlled by
similar behavior of the model.
Concept:
generalized imitation
Imitation of the response of a model
without previous reinforcement of
imitation of that specific response.
