PNS drugs Flashcards
Albuterol
Selective beta 2 agonist
Bronchodilator
Tx lower airway disease
Inhaler use
Atenolol
B1 selective antagonist Longer half-life than propanolol More selective for B1-receptors, lack of B2 Oral Less side effects
Atropine
Direct PSlytic Anticholinergic/antimuscarinic Tertiary compound - can cross BBB Tx - bradyarrhythmias/bradycardia Cardiac arrest - ~CPR Tx - acetylcholinesterase tox Tx cholinergic crisis
Bethanechol
PSmimetic
Muscarinic receptor agonist
ORAL
Contract urinary bladder destrusor m
Clenbuterol
Selective beta 2 agonist
Bronchodilator
Tx lower airway disease
Oral syrup - equine
Dopamine
Direct acting catecholamine Smimetic
Dose dependent action on dopamine receptors - at different alpha/beta
Low - dopamine agonist
Med/low - B1 - + inotrope
Med/high - B1 - + chronotrope, increase cardiac automaticity
High - A1 vasoconstriction
Edrophonium
Tensilon test
Indirect PSmimetic (reversible)
Fastest acting - shortest duration
Does NOT outlive the drug it reverses
Best use - test for MG
Ephedrine
Mixed (direct and indirect acting) Smimetic
Indirect increase in NE release and direct A1 and B activation
CRI BP maintainance under anesthesia
Increases BP - vasoconstriction and direct cardiac stimulation
Epinephrine
Direct acting catecholamine Smimetic
Competitive agonism at ALL A/B adrenergic
Esmolol
Ultra SHORT acting B1-antagonist
to test for B-blocker response
SELECTIVE
Glycopyrrolate
Direct acting PSlytic - anticholinergic
Quaternary compound - does NOT cross BBB
Slower onset - longer duration (than atropine)
Premed
Isoproterenol
Direct acting catecholamine Smimetic
Potent nonspecific B-agonist
Cardiac stimulatory effects and bronchodilation
Not commonly used
Neostigmine
Indirect PSmimetic - cholinergic (reversible - competitive inhibtion)
Reversal agent for competitive neuromuscular blockers NMB - ie. Reversal after needing to paralyze eye for surgery
Norepinephrine
Direct acting catecholamine sympathomimetic A1 agonism (NO B2 activity) Vasopressor support - vasoconstriction
Oxybutynin
Direct acting PSlytic - anticholinergic
Can cross BBB
Relax detrusor m and allow bladder to fill - urinary antispasmodic
Phenoxybenzamine
Non-specific* A-antagonist - binds irreversibly (non-competitive)
SympathoLYTIC
Urinary retention due to urethral hypertonicity (relaxes sphincter)
Decreases BP - controls hypertension (Pheochromocytoma - adrenal medulla tumor)
Phenylephrine
Direct acting A1 selective agonist
Increase peripheral vascular resistance through systemic vasoconstriction (can be severe)
Tx hypotension
Phenylpropanolamine
Proin
Mixed (direct and indirect acting) sympathomimetic
Indirect increase in NE in bladder neck/urethra (primary action) and direct A1 agonist
Tx - urinary incontinence from urethral sphincter incompetence
Prazosin
A1 antagonist
Urinary smooth m relaxation and vasodilation
FLUTD - urinary retention from urethral hypertonicity
Adjunctive Tx of congestive heart failure, systemic/pulmonary hypertension
Propanolol
B blocker
Non-specific B-antagonist (B blocker)
Crosses BBB
Decrease SA node firing & AV conduction - bradycardia, dec cardiac output, O2 demand on heart
Tx tachyarrhythmias - chocolate, hyperthyroidism
Propantheline
Direct acting PSlytics
Can NOT cross BBB
Relax detrusor m and allow bladder to fill - urinary antispasmodic
Tx AV block - bradyarrhythmias
Pyridostigmine
Indirect PSmimetic - cholinergic (reversible)
Longer lasting than neostigmine (8-12 hours)
Long term maintenance therapy for MG
Ractopamine
Non-selecctive agonism of beta 1, beta 2 beta 3
Increase lean muscle over fat
Terbutaline
Selective beta 2 agonist
Bronchodilator
Tx lower airway disease
Tablet/injectable - small animal
