Opthalmic drugs Flashcards
Pilocarpine
ANS - direct PSNS
Miosis - constricts pupil
To Dx PSNS lesions
Atropine
ANS - direct PSNS (anticholinergic)
Mydriasis - dilates pupil
Cyclolegia - paralysis of ciliary muscle leading to blurred vision
Pain control from corneal/iris disease (uveitis)
*Long onset - Long duration
Tropicamide
ANS - direct PSNS Mydriasis & cycloplegia Faster onset, shorter duration (than atropine) Dilate pupil for opthalmic exam *Short onset - short duration
Phenylephrine
ANS - direct SNS (alpha-1 agonist)
Mydriasis through contraction of iris dilator muscle
Dx/localize of Horner’s syndrome
Timolol
ANS
Opthalmic nonselective beta-antagonist
Glaucoma mgmt/prevention
Decrease aqueous humor formation - reduce intraocular pressure- increase aqueous humor drainage
Dorzolamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Decreases aqueous humor production
Reduced intra ocular pressure
Latanoprost
Increase uveoscleral outflow
Treat glaucoma and reduce IOP
*Emergency
Artificial tears
Lacrimomimetic agents
provide lubrication
No perfect natural tear replication
Ointment
Cyclosporine
Lacrimogenic agent
Increases tear production
Ointment
Tx Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
Glucocorticoids
Dexamethasone
Prednisolone
Inflammatory and immune-mediated conditions
Tx for non-infectious keratitis, uveitis
NOT for ulcers, infection, diabetes
NSAIDS
Ex. Flurbiprofen
Diclofenac
Inflammation management
Tx with cataracts
NOT for ulcer, glaucoma, coagulopathies
Gancyclovir
Antiviral
Feline viral infection management
Natamycin
Antifungal
Less common
Proparacaine
Topical anesthetic
Numb - blocks Na+ channels
