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Pre-DC - A&P I > PNS > Flashcards

PNS Flashcards

1
Q

epineurium

A

outermost layer of connective tissue; dense, includes collagen fibers

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2
Q

perineurium

A

loose connective tissue that surrounds fascicles (bundles of nerve fibers)

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3
Q

endoneurium

A

loose connective tissue that surrounds individual nerve fibers

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4
Q

cranial nerves

A

12 pairs; 1st from cerebrum, last 11 from brain stem

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5
Q

ganglia

A

bundles of neurons outside CNS

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6
Q

CN I

A

olfactory; associated with sense of smell; sensory

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7
Q

CN II

A

optic; associated with vision; sensory

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8
Q

CN III

A

oculomotor; associated with eye movement; motor; both somatic and autonomic

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9
Q

CN IV

A

trochlear; motor to superior oblique muscle

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10
Q

CN V

A

trigeminal, largest, from pons, sensory and motor

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11
Q

CN V1

A

ophthalmic; impulses from surface of eye, tear gland, skin of the anterior scalp, upper eyelid; sensory

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12
Q

CN V2

A

maxillary; upper teeth, gums, lip, mucous lining of palate and facial skin; sensory

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13
Q

CN V3

A

mandibular; both sensory and motor; floor of mouth, scalp behind ears, muscles of mastication and some on the floor of the mouth

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14
Q

CN VI

A

abducens; abducts the eye, originate from medulla oblongata; motor

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15
Q

CN VII

A

facial; both sensory and motor; muscles of facial expression

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16
Q

CN VIII

A

vestibulocochlear; sensory for hearing and balance; vestibular located in ganglia in inner ear; cochlear in ganglia of cochlea for hearing

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17
Q

labyrinthitis

A

inflammation of CN VIII, varying degrees of vertigo

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18
Q

CN IX

A

glossopharyngeal; tongue and pharynx; both sensory and motor

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19
Q

CN X

A

vagus; both sensory and motor; only nerve to extend beyond head and neck

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20
Q

CN XI

A

accessory nerve; originate in medulla oblongata and spinal cord; cranial branch joins vagus; spinal supplies motor fibers to trapezius and SCM muscles; motor

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21
Q

CN XII

A

hypoglossal; motor; arise from medulla oblongata

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22
Q

cervical nerves

A

8 pairs (C1-C8); 1-7 exit above, 8th exits below

23
Q

thoracic nerves

A

12 pairs (T1-T12); exit below

24
Q

lumbar nerves

A

5 pair (L1-L5); exit below

25
Q

sacral nerves

A

5 pairs (S1-S5); exit below

26
Q

coccygeal nerves

A

1 pair (C0); exit below

27
Q

cauda equina

A

where the spinal cord ends in an adult around L1-2

28
Q

2 branches of spinal nerve

A

dorsal root

ventral root

29
Q

dorsal root

A

sensory/afferent; identified by dorsal root ganglion (enlargement) containing sensory neurons that conduct impulses inward from peripherals; back door

30
Q

ventral root

A

motor/efferent; motor neurons in gray matter of cord; front door

31
Q

recurrent meningeal branch

A

reenters vertebral canal and supplies meninges and blood vessels of the cord

32
Q

dorsal ramus

A

turns posteriorly; innervates muscles and skin of back

33
Q

ventral ramus

A

continues forward to supply muscles and skin on the front and sides of trunk/limbs

34
Q

visceral branch

A

arise from spinal nerves in thoracic and lumbar regions; autonomic NS

35
Q

grey rami communicantes

A

everywhere; parasympathetic

36
Q

white rami communicantes

A

sympathetic; T1-L2 only

37
Q

plexus

A

complex network of fibers that are sorted and recombined

38
Q

cervical plexus

A

branches of the first 4 cervical nerves, supply muscles and skin of neck

39
Q

phrenic nerves

A

C3-5; regulate diaphragm

40
Q

brachial plexus

A

ventral rami of lower 4 cervical nerves and 1st thoracic

41
Q

musculocutaneous nerve

A

C5-7; anterior arm muscles, skin of forearm

42
Q

ulnar nerve

A

C8-T1; muscles of forearms, hands and skin

43
Q

median nerve

A

C5-T1; muscles of forearms, hands and skin

44
Q

radial nerve

A

C5-T1; muscles of arms on posterior; skin of forearms and hands

45
Q

axillary nerve

A

C5-6; muscles of skin of superior, lateral, posterior regions of arm

46
Q

lateral pectoral nerve

A

C5-7

47
Q

medial pectoral nerve

A

C8-T1

48
Q

dorsal scapular nerve

A

C5

49
Q

lower subscapular nerve

A

C5-6

50
Q

thoracodorsal nerve

A

C6-8

51
Q

suprascapular nerve

A

C5-6

52
Q

long thoracic nerve

A

C5-7

53
Q

lumbar plexus

A

ventral rami of lumbar nerves 2-4

Pre-DC - A&P I (4 decks)

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