PNS

Question 0

Most common cranial nerve neuropathy

Answer 0

Bell’s palsy

Question 1

What 3 cranial nerves account for the majority of the cranial nerve mononeuropathies that are most commonly encountered in clinical practice?

Answer 1

7th (facial), 5th (trigeminal), and 3rd (oculomotor)

Question 2

Acute idiopathic facial nerve neuropathy

Answer 2

Bell’s palsy

Question 3

Possible etiological agent of Bell’s palsy

Answer 3

HSV1

Question 4

distinctive facial pain syndrome in which the pt experiences intense, paroxysmal pain

Answer 4

trigeminal neuralgia

Question 5

Artery associated with trigeminal neuralgia

Answer 5

superior cerebellar artery

Question 6

Damage to the 3rd CN

Answer 6

Oculomotor nerve palsy

Question 7

“down ‘n out” symptoms

Answer 7

Oculomotor nerve palsy

Question 8

Mononeuropathy due to compression and entrapment of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel at the wrist

Answer 8

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 9

sensory symptoms in the distribution of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

Answer 9

Meralgia paresthetica

Question 10

sensory loss, prickling paresthesia, and hypersensitivity over the anterolateral thigh

Answer 10

meralgia paresthetica

Question 11

compression of the lateral cutaneous nerve by the inguinal ligament as it passes from the retroperitoneum to the anterior thigh

Answer 11

Meralgia paresthetica

Question 12

Most common diabetes related neuropathy

Answer 12

distal, symmetrical and sensorimotor neuropathy

Question 13

Chronic hyperglycemia leads to the accumulation … and the depletion of … in the affected nerves

Answer 13

sorbitol; inositol

Question 14

axonal degeneration, which is most abundant in the most distal aspects of the PNS

Answer 14

uremic neuropathy

Question 15

Most common immune-inflammatory polyneuropathy

Answer 15

Guillain-Barré syndrome

Question 16

Most common cause of acute generalized paralysis in the U.S.

Answer 16

Guillain-Barré syndrome

Question 17

Most common cause of acute generalized paralysis in the U.S.

Answer 17

Guillain-Barré syndrome

Question 18

Stripping of myelin from axons by macrophages, which slows or blocks nerve impulse conduction, causing weakness and sensory loss

Answer 18

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

Question 19

Common in GBS, unusual with CIDP

Answer 19

major autonomicc or respiratory involvement

Question 20

characterized by amyloid deposition in nerves

Answer 20

amyloid neuropathy

Question 21

amyloid neuropathy occurs in one of two settings:

Answer 21

systemic amyloidosis and familial amyloidosis

Question 22

Peripheral neuropathy is predominantly motor, with a predilection for the upper limbs, also associated with abdominal pain, constipation, and anemia

Answer 22

lead exposure

Question 23

Can produce neuropathy, but CNS effects usually predominate

Answer 23

organic and inorganic mercury

Question 24

induce blockage of voluntary motor and autonomi cholinergic neuromuscular junctions, which prevents motor fiber stimulation

Answer 24

Botulinum neurotoxins

Question 25

One of the most common causes of polyneuropathy worldwide

Answer 25

leprosy

Question 26

Most common cranial neuropathy of Lyme dz

Answer 26

Facial neuropathy

Question 27

Unlike pts with Bell’s palsy, … is more common in pts with Lyme dz

Answer 27

bilateral facial neuropathy

Question 28

most common viral pathogen affecting the PNS

Answer 28

varicella-zoster

Question 29

multinucleated giant cell with accentuation of nuclear material at the periphery of the nuclei

Answer 29

herpes zoster lesion

Question 30

glial cells that myelinate the axons of nerve cells

Answer 30

Schwann cells

Question 31

when Schwann cells proliferate out of control

Answer 31

schwannoma

Question 32

benign primary intracranial tumor of the myelin-forming cells of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

Answer 32

vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma)

Question 33

ipsilateral sensori-neural hearing loss, disturbed sense of balance and altered gait, vertigo with associated nausea and vomiting and pressure in the ear

Answer 33

early symptom of acoustic neuromas

Question 34

Common, benign, spindle cell tumor of peripheral nerves

Answer 34

neurofibromas

Question 35

Occurs after mutation of neurofibromin (a tumor suppressor gene)

Answer 35

NF1

Question 36

The entire 8th CN is often involved, but any cranial may be affected

Answer 36

Neurofibromatosis type 1

Question 37

Associated with cafe au lait spots

Answer 37

NF1

Question 38

mutation of the protein merlin (neurofibromin 2)

Answer 38

NF2

Question 39

Bilateral acoustic neuromas are (common/rare) in NF1 and (common/rare) in NF2

Answer 39

rare; common

Question 40

hearing loss due to acoustic neuromas around the age of 20 is the hallmark of what condition?

Answer 40

NF2

Question 41

elongated cells in parallel bundles. No atypia and only rare mitotic figures.

Answer 41

perineuroma

Question 42

also known as malignant schwannomas

Answer 42

malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST)

Question 43

Tumor that usually arises from major nerves in the neck, forearm, lower leg, or buttocks

Answer 43

MPNST

Question 44

50% of cases are associated with underlying neurofibromatosis

Answer 44

MPNST

Question 45

Increased cellularity and disordered arrangement of Schwann cells

Answer 45

MPNST