PNF

Question 1

PNF contraindications

Answer 1

Early stages of soft tissue healing after injury or surgery

acute or active arthritic conditions

any movement that the doctor has deemed contraindicated or safe

Question 2

UE D1 Flexion

Answer 2

Feeding pattern

shoulder flexion/adduction/external rotation

Patient is reaching up to bring a scarf over the shoulder or to bring something to eat to mouth

Question 3

UE D1 Extension

Answer 3

Shoulder extension/abduction/internal rotation

functional for protective reactions in sitting

Question 4

UE D2 flexion

Answer 4

shoulder flexion/ abduction/external rotation

throwing a wedding bouquet over the same shoulder

Question 5

UE D2 extension

Answer 5

shoulder extension/adduction/internal rotation

placing a sword in its sheath

Question 6

LE D1 flexion

Answer 6

putting on a shoe

Hip flexion/adduction/external rotation

Bring the foot to the opposite knee to put on or take off a shoe

Question 7

LE D1 extension

Answer 7

Hip extension/abduction/internal rotation

Similar to putting on pants one leg at a time

Question 8

LE D2 Flexion

Answer 8

Fire hydrant

Hip flexion/abduction/internal rotation

“Fire hydrant” position

Question 9

LE D2 Extension

Answer 9

Hip extension/adduction/external rotation

“Soccer-style” kick

Question 10

Scapular and Pelvic Patterns

Answer 10

Done best in the side-lying position

These patterns assist with functional movements like rolling, reciprocal movements of UE/LE, scooting, and gait

Scapular patterns help with UE function, cervical and thoracic spine alignment

Pelvic patterns help with LE function and lumbar spine alignment

Question 11

D1 flexion/extension: Scapular and Pelvic

Answer 11

anterior elevation (shoulder shrug) - start at the 1:00 position
move into the 7:00 position of posterior depression (hey, big boy);  (“sit back into my hands” for pelvic)

Question 12

D2 flexion /extension Scapular and Pelvic Patterns

Answer 12

posterior elevation (look at my pects) – start at the 11:00 position and move into the 5:00 position of anterior depression (putting something in your front pocket)

Question 13

Rhythmic initiation**

Answer 13

ROM (mobility)/coordination

Sequential application of first passive, then active assisted, then active or slightly resisted motion

Good to use as a teaching tool

Question 14

Rhythmic Rotation

Answer 14

Improves mobility

To promote tone reduction and relaxation

Application of slow rotary movements about a longitudinal axis

Question 15

Hold Relax**

Answer 15

ROM (mobility)

Purpose is to increase passive joint mobility and decrease movement-related pain

The limb is moved into the limit of the pain-free range

Isometric resistance is applied to the antagonist muscle (opposite of the tight muscle)

The body segment is moved to the new range of motion

OR

The limb is moved into the limit of the pain-free range

Isometric resistance is applied to the agonist muscle ( the tight muscle)

The body segment is moved to the new range of motion

Question 16

Hold Relax active**

Answer 16

ROM (mobility)

Only one direction

Isometric resistance is applied to facilitate the agonist muscle in the shortened range

Then the limb is passively moved into a point in the lengthened position

Patient actively or with resistance pulls up into the beginning position

Repeat until there is no more no more gain in ROM

Question 17

Contract Relax**

Answer 17

ROM (mobility)

Effective when addressing decreased length in two-joint muscles and when pain is not a significant factor

Used to increase passive range and soft tissue length

Patient or therapist moves body part to the end of the available range then says “turn and push”. Therapist resists an isotonic concentric contraction to the rotational component while doing isometric contraction of the other shortened mm followed by relaxation then active movement into the new range

Question 18

Alternating isometrics**

Answer 18

ROM (mobility)/stability/coordination

Isometric contractions of both agonist and antagonist muscle groups are facilitated in an alternating manner

Smooth transitions

Question 19

Rhythmic stabilization**

Answer 19

Strength/stability

Co-contraction of muscles surrounding the target joint using a rotatory force

Promotes stability and balance, decreases pain upon movement, and increases range of motion (ROM) and strength

Question 20

Slow Reversal**

Answer 20

Strength/Coordination

Concentric contraction of muscles in an agonist pattern is facilitated through manual contacts and verbal cues

Fatigue is minimized by rhythmically alternating between agonist and antagonist muscle groups

Question 21

Slow Reversal Hold

Answer 21

improves controlled mobility and stability

A resisted isometric contraction is held at the completion of range in each direction of the chosen pattern

Appropriate for use with single extremity or trunk patterns as well as functional movements

Question 22

Agonistic Reversals**

Answer 22

Strength/Coordination/Stability

To facilitate functional movement throughout a pattern or task
The agonist muscle groups are targeted both concentrically and eccentrically

Question 23

Resisted progression

Answer 23

Increase skill

Focuses on the task of locomotion

Resistance is applied during functional activities

This technique may be applied during crawling, creeping, or walking