PNF Flashcards
PNF contraindications
Early stages of soft tissue healing after injury or surgery
acute or active arthritic conditions
any movement that the doctor has deemed contraindicated or safe
UE D1 Flexion
Feeding pattern
shoulder flexion/adduction/external rotation
Patient is reaching up to bring a scarf over the shoulder or to bring something to eat to mouth
UE D1 Extension
Shoulder extension/abduction/internal rotation
functional for protective reactions in sitting
UE D2 flexion
shoulder flexion/ abduction/external rotation
throwing a wedding bouquet over the same shoulder
UE D2 extension
shoulder extension/adduction/internal rotation
placing a sword in its sheath
LE D1 flexion
putting on a shoe
Hip flexion/adduction/external rotation
Bring the foot to the opposite knee to put on or take off a shoe
LE D1 extension
Hip extension/abduction/internal rotation
Similar to putting on pants one leg at a time
LE D2 Flexion
Fire hydrant
Hip flexion/abduction/internal rotation
“Fire hydrant” position
LE D2 Extension
Hip extension/adduction/external rotation
“Soccer-style” kick
Scapular and Pelvic Patterns
Done best in the side-lying position
These patterns assist with functional movements like rolling, reciprocal movements of UE/LE, scooting, and gait
Scapular patterns help with UE function, cervical and thoracic spine alignment
Pelvic patterns help with LE function and lumbar spine alignment
D1 flexion/extension: Scapular and Pelvic
anterior elevation (shoulder shrug) - start at the 1:00 position move into the 7:00 position of posterior depression (hey, big boy); (“sit back into my hands” for pelvic)
D2 flexion /extension Scapular and Pelvic Patterns
posterior elevation (look at my pects) – start at the 11:00 position and move into the 5:00 position of anterior depression (putting something in your front pocket)
Rhythmic initiation**
ROM (mobility)/coordination
Sequential application of first passive, then active assisted, then active or slightly resisted motion
Good to use as a teaching tool
Rhythmic Rotation
Improves mobility
To promote tone reduction and relaxation
Application of slow rotary movements about a longitudinal axis
Hold Relax**
ROM (mobility)
Purpose is to increase passive joint mobility and decrease movement-related pain
The limb is moved into the limit of the pain-free range
Isometric resistance is applied to the antagonist muscle (opposite of the tight muscle)
The body segment is moved to the new range of motion
OR
The limb is moved into the limit of the pain-free range
Isometric resistance is applied to the agonist muscle ( the tight muscle)
The body segment is moved to the new range of motion
Hold Relax active**
ROM (mobility)
Only one direction
Isometric resistance is applied to facilitate the agonist muscle in the shortened range
Then the limb is passively moved into a point in the lengthened position
Patient actively or with resistance pulls up into the beginning position
Repeat until there is no more no more gain in ROM
Contract Relax**
ROM (mobility)
Effective when addressing decreased length in two-joint muscles and when pain is not a significant factor
Used to increase passive range and soft tissue length
Patient or therapist moves body part to the end of the available range then says “turn and push”. Therapist resists an isotonic concentric contraction to the rotational component while doing isometric contraction of the other shortened mm followed by relaxation then active movement into the new range
Alternating isometrics**
ROM (mobility)/stability/coordination
Isometric contractions of both agonist and antagonist muscle groups are facilitated in an alternating manner
Smooth transitions
Rhythmic stabilization**
Strength/stability
Co-contraction of muscles surrounding the target joint using a rotatory force
Promotes stability and balance, decreases pain upon movement, and increases range of motion (ROM) and strength
Slow Reversal**
Strength/Coordination
Concentric contraction of muscles in an agonist pattern is facilitated through manual contacts and verbal cues
Fatigue is minimized by rhythmically alternating between agonist and antagonist muscle groups
Slow Reversal Hold
improves controlled mobility and stability
A resisted isometric contraction is held at the completion of range in each direction of the chosen pattern
Appropriate for use with single extremity or trunk patterns as well as functional movements
Agonistic Reversals**
Strength/Coordination/Stability
To facilitate functional movement throughout a pattern or task
The agonist muscle groups are targeted both concentrically and eccentrically
Resisted progression
Increase skill
Focuses on the task of locomotion
Resistance is applied during functional activities
This technique may be applied during crawling, creeping, or walking
