Pneumothorax And Haemothorax Flashcards
What is pneumothorax?
When air gets into the space between the outside of the lung and the inside of the chest wall (ribcage), often due to disease or trauma.
What is tension pneumothorax?
When a tear in the lung tissue acts like a one-way valve, allowing air to enter the pleural space but not escape, leading to increased pressure and potential life-threatening conditions.
What are the causes of primary/spontaneous pneumothorax?
Primary/spontaneous pneumothorax can occur in a healthy person due to a weakening in the lung tissue, causing a tear.
What can cause secondary pneumothorax?
As a result of diseases such as cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis (TB), or lung cancer, or due to iatrogenic causes from medical interventions.
What is haemothorax?
When blood gets into the space between the outside of the lung and the inside of the chest wall (ribcage), often caused by trauma or chronic disease.
What are the signs of pneumothorax and haemothorax?
- Low SpO2 levels (hypoxia) leading to cyanosis.
- P test results on x-ray/ultrasound, and tracheal deviation in tension pneumothorax.
What are common symptoms of pneumothorax and haemothorax?
Common symptoms include chest pain, dyspnoea, and tachypnoea.
How is pneumothorax diagnosed?
Pneumothorax is diagnosed using a chest X-ray, where it appears transparent, while haemothorax appears opaque.
What further tests may be conducted if haemothorax is suspected?
Further tests may include ultrasound, CT scan, and other diagnostic procedures.
