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Pharmacology > Pneumonias > Flashcards

Pneumonias Flashcards

1
Q

Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

A

Typical and Atypical

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2
Q

Typical CAP

A

Strep. pneumoniae

H-flu

Staph. aureus

Moraxella catarrhalis

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3
Q

Atypical CAP

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Legionella

Chlamydophila pneumoniae

Pseudomonas Virus

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4
Q

Strep Pneumoniae

A

AKA Pneumococcal

Most common CAP

Gram positive in chains

RUST COLORED SPUTUM

Lower lobe consolidation

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5
Q

Strep Pneumonia treatment

A

Amoxacillin

Azithromycin

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6
Q

Haemophilus influenzae

A

Occurs in elderly pts with underlying pulmonary disease

Gram negative rods

2nd most common pneumonia cause

Causes epiglottitis

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7
Q

Haemophilus influenza treatment

A

Augmentin

Ciprofloxacin

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8
Q

Staph Aureus

A

Elder/younger recovering from influenza virus

Gram positive cocci

Post influenza, forms abscesses and necrotizing cavitations

Short prodrome w/ fever -> rapid respiratory onset with diarrhea

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9
Q

Staph aureus treatment

A

No MRSA - Azithromycin

MRSA - Vancomycin or Doxycycline

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10
Q

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP)

A

Fungal infection - doesnt respond to antifungals

Most common opportunistic infection in HIV patients

Silver stain

Perihilar infiltrates

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11
Q

PCP treatment

A

1st line: Bactrim - double strength

2nd line: Clindamycin

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12
Q

Mycoplasma pneumonia

A

No cell well

Low grade fever and muscle pain, commonly after sickness

college and military

CXR: interstitial and pleural infiltrates

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13
Q

Mycoplasma pneumonia treatment

A

Doxy

Erythromycin

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14
Q

Legionella pneumonia

A

Gram negative rod

resides in alveolar macrophages

CXR shows patchy infiltrates

AMS, diarrhea, hyponatremia, HA, high fever

Elderly, alcoholics, aspiration

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15
Q

Legionella pneumonia treatment

A

Fluroquinolone

Macrolide (Azitrhomycin)

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16
Q

Chlamydia pneumonia

A

Gram negative diplococci

college/military/elderly

common in winter

asymptomatic, low grade fever, cough, no consolidation

17
Q

Chlamydia pneumonia treatment

A

Doxycycline

Macrolide (Azithro)

18
Q

Tuberculosis pneumonia

A

Acid-fast rod

primarily in lung apex

weight loss, night sweats, hemopytsis, +travel history

19
Q

Tuberculosis pneumonia treatment

A

Isonazid

Rifampin

Ethambutol

Pyrazinamide

Streptomycin

20
Q

Pseudomonas pneumonia

A

Gram negative

CF, Immunocompromised, Ventilated

HAP also

Purulent green sweet smelling sputum, shaking chills, confusion

21
Q

Pseudomonas pneumonia treatment

A

Zosyn (Piperacillin and Tazobactam)

Ciprofloxacin

22
Q

Klebsiella Pneumonia

A

Alchoholics, COPD, Diabetes (immunosuppressed)

Gram negative rod

Red-currant jelly sputum

Encapsulated - careful w/ asplenics

rapid onset, destroys lung tissue, abscess formation/cavitation

high fever, shaking chills, flu-like, productive cough

23
Q

Cephalosporins

Bactrim

Fluroquinolones

Aminoglycosides

A

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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