Pneumonia Flashcards
Common causes of CAP
S pneumoniae H influenzae Mycoplasma pmeumoniae Moraxella Chlamydia S aureus
Common causes of HAP
Gram negative enterobacteria S aureus Klebsiella Pseudomonas Anaerobic bacteria e.g. Bacteroids
What is the CURB-65?
Confusion Urea >7mmol Resp rate > 30 Blood pressure systolic < 90mmHg >65 years
What does more than >3 score mean?
15-40% mortality
General symptoms of pneumonia
Fevers, rigors, malaise, anorexia
Respiratory Signs and symptoms of pneumonia
Cough
Purulent sputum
Haemoptysis
Pleuritic pain
Pyrexia, cyanosis, confusion, tachycardia, tachypnoea, hypotension, signs of consolidation, pleural rub
What investigations to do with suspected pneumonia?
Bloods Blood culture Sputum culture CXR Urine antigens Bronchoscopy/BAL if IC patient
What initial management should be done?
IV fluids
Antibiotics (oral if not severe and not vomiting)
Oxygen >94%
Analgesia
Complications of pneumonia
Pleural effusion Empyema Lung abscess Respiratory failure Septicemia Brain abscess Pericarditis Myocarditis
What vaccines should be given?
Flu
Pneumococcal
Which is the commonest bacterial pneumonia?
Pneumococcal
Which pathogen is likely to complicate influenza?
Staphylococcal
What is the most common infective cause of COPD exacerbations?
H.influenzae
followed by S.pneumoniae and M.catarrhalis
