Pneumonia Flashcards

1
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

Inflammation and consolidation of lung tissue due to an infectious agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a consolidation?

A

inflammatory induration of a normally aereted lung due to cellular exudative in alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pneumonia affects what ages?

A

> 65 and <4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is it a seasonal disease?

A

-A person infects another because they are close and with closed windows
-Air isn´t as humid, so Lungs can´t produce as much thick mucus to get rid of organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do you develop pneumonia?

A

Weak immune system + Strong microorganism = any infection can develop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Factors favoring colonization (4)

A
  • Disruption of mucociliary clearance
  • Disruption of epithelial barrier
  • Increasing inoculation
  • Decreasing immune function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Risk factors (7)

A
  • Smoking
  • Upper respiratory tract infections
  • Alcohol due to bronco aspiration of vomit
  • Corticosteroid therapy
  • Old age
  • Influenza infection
  • Pre-existing lung disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Physiopathology of pneumonia

A

Congestion -> red hepatization -> grey hepatization -> resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cytokines in pneumonia and which cause fever

A

○ Il-1
○ Il-6
Interleukocytes cause fever
○ TNF-α

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Anatomical classification of pneumonia

A
  • Bronchopneumonia
  • Lobar pneumonia
    *Interstitial pneumonia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Clinical classification of pneumonia

A

*Community (Typical and Atypical)
*Nosocomial
*Ventilatory associated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

General malaise, Fever, Productive cough, and Pleuritic chest pain are symptoms of..

A

Typical pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Walking pneumonia, Minimal sputum production, Low grade fever, Sore throat, Intractable and dry cough and Fine crackles are symptoms of…

A

Atypical pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Microorganisms in typical pneumonia (SHIM)

A

§ Streptococcus pneumoniae
§ Haemophilus influenzae
§ Moraxella catarrhalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Microorganisms in atypical pneumonia (MLC)

A

§ Mycoplasma pneumoniae
§ Chlamydophila psittaci or pneumoniae
§ Legionella pneumophila

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Microorganisms in nosocomial pneumonia (SHIP)

A

○ Streptococcus pneumoniae
○ Pseudomona aeruginosa
○ Haemophilus influenzae

17
Q

Microorganisms in ventilator associated pneumonia (SSAP)

A

○ Streptotoccus pneumoniae
○ Pseudomona aeruginosa
○ Staphylococcus aureus
○ Acinetobacter baumani

18
Q

Microorganism due to air conditioning

A

Legionella pneumophila - atypical

19
Q

Multiresistant microorganism in the hospital

A

Pseudomona aeruginosa - nosocomial

20
Q

Microorganism that has a vaccine

A

Streptotoccus pneumoniae - typical, nosocomial, ventilator associated

21
Q

Untreatable microorganism in intubation

A

Acinetobacter baumanii - ventilator associated

22
Q

Studies in pneumonia

A

Chest X-Ray
*CT scan

23
Q

Treatment for pneumonia outpatient with no risk factors

A

Start with macrolide

24
Q

Treatment for pneumonia outpatient If they have high blood pressure or diabetes

A

Start β-lactam + macrolide Or Fluoroquinolone

25
Q

Mayor Criteria for severe community asociated pneumonia (2)

A

Septic shock (needing vassopresors)
Mechanical ventilation

26
Q

CoVid is a type of ___ pneumonia

A

atypical

27
Q

When does Nosocomial pneumonia present

A

48 h after being admitted
72 hours after being released