PMSTHE - Midterms 1 Flashcards
What is the Locus of Control in health education?
An individual’s beliefs or perceptions related to their abilities to influence their personal health and health outcomes
It includes internal (personal choices) and external (fate, luck) perceptions.
What are the two types of Locus of Control?
- Internal: personal choices, behaviors, habits, self-care, positive attitude, hope
- External: fate, luck, chance, powerful others
Internal locus is generally associated with better health outcomes.
What are the five stages of the Transtheoretical Model of Change?
- Stage 1: Pre-contemplation
- Stage 2: Contemplation
- Stage 3: Decision
- Stage 4: Action
- Stage 5: Maintenance
This model describes a non-linear process of behavior change.
What does the Health Belief Model emphasize?
An individual’s health-related behavior depends on perceptions of susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers
It often involves motivating individuals through fear of illness.
What factors affect behavioral change according to Social Learning Theory?
- Environmental influences
- Personal factors
- Attributes of the behavior itself
Self-efficacy is a critical aspect, emphasizing belief in one’s capability.
What determines a person’s intention to perform a behavior in the Theory of Reasoned Action?
- The person’s attitude toward the behavior
- The influence of societal norms
These factors shape the likelihood of behavior performance.
What are the key components for the diffusion of innovations?
- An innovation
- Knowledge of the innovation
- A person unaware of the innovation
The rate of adoption depends on relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability.
What does Pender’s Health Promotion Model focus on?
Recognizing, assessing, modifying, and evaluating factors influencing health behavior
It integrates various influences to promote health and well-being.
What is one key concept of Pender’s Health Promotion Model regarding the individual?
A biopsychosocial organism influenced by the environment
This concept underscores the complexity of human health behavior.
What are the individual characteristics that influence health-promoting behavior?
- Prior related behavior
- Personal factors (biological, psychological, sociocultural)
These factors can include age, gender, and race.
What are the perceived benefits of action in Pender’s model?
Perceptions of positive results from engaging in health-promoting behavior
These perceptions can motivate individuals to adopt healthier behaviors.
What is self-efficacy?
The belief in one’s ability to succeed in achieving an outcome or reaching a goal
It significantly influences motivation and behavior.
What are the five influences on self-efficacy?
- Performance experience
- Vicarious experience
- Social persuasion
- Imaginal experience
- Physical and emotional states
These influences shape an individual’s confidence in their abilities.
How does self-efficacy affect student behavior?
- Better self-regulation
- More resilience
- Stronger academic performance
- More motivation
- Higher academic goals
High self-efficacy can lead to greater success in school and beyond.
What is a strategy to help students develop self-efficacy?
Introduce the simplest version of a behavior to allow success before gradually increasing difficulty
This builds confidence and reinforces positive outcomes.
Fill in the blank: Self-efficacy can compel students to enact their agency in pursuit of a goal because they believe it will be _______.
[worth it in the end]
True or False: A person’s level of self-efficacy is the same across all tasks and subjects.
False
Self-efficacy can vary significantly by context and subject area.
What is the strategy for Building Evidence of Success?
Plan for moderately challenging tasks that gradually increase in difficulty and reflect progress
This strategy helps students build a record of mastery performance.
What does a student-friendly learning progression represent?
Expectations at different stages of achievement
It serves as a roadmap towards mastery of a skill or task.
What is a key tip for success when creating a learning progression?
Ensure that each level or skill is broken down into manageable pieces
This helps students track their progress effectively.
What is the main idea behind the strategy ‘If she can do it, I can, too!’?
Use peer models to enhance self-efficacy
Observing peers who have mastered challenges can boost students’ confidence.
What prompts can be used to guide peer modeling in math?
- Tell me what you know about _____
- How might you break this problem into smaller steps?
- What strategies did you use to get from ___ to _____?
These prompts facilitate discussion and understanding.
What is the sequence to follow when providing feedback to students?
1) State why the student succeeded or failed
2) Explain to what degree the student was successful
3) Use words related to achievement or encouragement
This structure helps students connect success with their efforts and strategies.
What is the purpose of guiding students through imagination in learning?
To help them feel more confident about approaching a goal
Visualizing success can translate into real-life confidence.
Fill in the blank: A student’s imagination is a powerful and easily harnessed tool in helping him feel more ______ about approaching a goal.
[confident]
What mindfulness strategy can help students manage their physical and emotional states?
Practice a body scan by paying attention to various parts of their bodies
This technique promotes relaxation and self-awareness.
What mindset should students adopt when feeling stressed about challenges?
Interpret stress as excitement instead of distress
This shift can enhance their confidence in facing challenges.
What are some benefits of viewing stress positively?
- To help improve skills
- To help learn and grow
- To help stay motivated
These benefits can enhance self-efficacy.
What is a suggested closing activity for planning implementation of strategies?
Individual reflections and/or small group discussions
This helps educators commit to trying new strategies and anticipate challenges.
True or False: Negative comments are more effective in raising self-efficacy than positive comments.
False
Negative comments lower self-efficacy more than positive comments raise it.
What is the importance of feedback that attributes success to specific strategies?
It helps students make connections between success, effort, and the correct use of strategies
This understanding can enhance their self-efficacy.
