Mod 7 HR Flashcards
What is a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?
A virus, bacteria, fungus, or parasite transmitted through sexual contact
An STI can develop into a sexually transmitted disease (STD) if symptoms arise.
What is the difference between STI and STD?
STI refers to the infection, while STD implies that the infection has led to disease symptoms
The CDC encourages the use of STI to emphasize prevention.
List some consequences of STDs.
- Increased severity of genital lesions
- Infertility
- Weakened immune system
- Vertical transmission to newborns
How can STDs be transmitted?
- Sexual contact
- Blood contact
- Non-sterilized surgical instruments
- Mother-to-child transmission
- Hand contact
- Inanimate objects
What is gonorrhea?
A sexually transmitted infection caused by Neisseria gonorrheae, often referred to as ‘the clap’
It can infect the cervix, urethra, rectum, throat, and eyes.
What are common symptoms of gonorrhea?
- Thick green or yellow discharge
- Pain during urination
- Bleeding between periods in women
How is gonorrhea treated?
With a single antibiotic injection
Follow-up testing is recommended after treatment.
Why is chlamydia referred to as a ‘silent infection’?
Most people with chlamydia do not experience symptoms
It is the most prevalent STI caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.
List common symptoms of chlamydia in men.
- Burning sensation during urination
- Yellow or green discharge
- Pain in lower abdomen
- Pain in testicles
What are the stages of syphilis?
- Primary stage
- Secondary stage
- Tertiary syphilis
- Congenital syphilis
What is the primary symptom of the primary stage of syphilis?
A firm, painless ulcer at the site of infection
This ulcer may not always be clinically apparent.
What are the common symptoms of herpes simplex virus (HSV)?
- Small painful vesicles
- Shallow ulcers on the cervix, urethra, and perineum
What is HPV and its potential impacts?
A DNA virus that can cause genital warts and cervical cancer
The HPV vaccine can help reduce the risk of cervical cancer.
What is the primary target of HIV?
CD4+ T cells in the immune system
HIV leads to immune system impairment.
List key interventions for pregnant individuals with HIV.
- Antiretroviral medications
- Regular prenatal care
- Scheduled cesarean section if necessary
- Avoid breastfeeding
