PMLS2_LEC4

Question 1

Invasive procedure where a needle enters the vein to obtain blood samples

Answer 1

VENIPUNCTURE

Question 2

A well-equipped ____ is ideal to prevent unnecessary errors during blood collection
● Ensure that all the required equipment is well organized and conveniently present in the collection area
● ____should be placed on a solid surface where it could not be knocked off easily.
● Avoid placing trays in easily contaminable areas

Answer 2

blood collection tray

Question 3

ROUTINE VENIPUNCTURE EQUIPMENT

Answer 3

✓ Phlebotomy collection tray
✓ Evacuated tube system holders
✓ Syringes
✓ Winged blood collection sets
✓ Needles
✓ Needle disposal sharps containers
✓ Evacuated collection tubes
✓ Transfer devices
✓ Tourniquets
✓ Gloves
✓ 70% isopropyl alcohol, iodine swabs (for disinfection of the puncture area), chlorhexidine gluconate
swabs (if patient is allergic to iodine)
✓ 2 x 2 - inch gauze pads
✓ Bandages
✓ Slides
✓ Antimicrobial hand gel
✓ Marking pen

Question 4

● Consists of a syringe and a hypodermic needle
● Used in patients with small or fragile veins as the phlebotomist can control the suction pressure on the vein
by using the plunger/ syringe
● Routinely used syringe sizes are 3, 5 & 10 ml
● Routinely used needles are gauge 21 & 23 with lengths of 1-1.5 in

Answer 4

OPEN SYSTEM

Question 5

Parts of the syringe

Answer 5

→ Luerlock tip
→ Barrel
→ Plunger

Question 6

Parts of the needle

Answer 6

→ Point
→ Bevel
→ Shaft
→ Bore/Lumen
→ Hub

Question 7

A mechanism in which a shield or sheath is used to cover the needle once venipuncture is completed

Answer 7

NEEDLE SAFETY DEVICES/ PROTECTION DEVICES

Question 8

Allows safe transfer of blood into tubes without using syringe needle or opening the tubes

Answer 8

BLOOD TRANSFER DEVICE

Question 9

● consist of a tube holder / tube adapter and a multisample needle / two-way needle
● Most frequently used method, blood is directly collected into the tube without the need of removing the cap of the
tubes. Useful for collecting multiple samples of blood
● routinely used needles are gauge 21 & 22 with lengths 1-1.5 in

Answer 9

CLOSED-SYSTEM

Question 10

● For very small or fragile veins (pediatric & geriatric patients, carpal veins)
→ like in children /infants, and for carpal vein collection
● Consist of gauge 21 / 23 needles (1/2 - 3/4 in) connected to a 5 - 12 in length tubing (w/ Luer attachment for either
syringe or adapter)

Answer 10

WINGED BLOOD COLLECTING METHOD /
BUTTERFLY BLOOD COLLECTION METHOD

Question 11

plastic attachments used for holding and securing the needle

Answer 11

Plastic Wings

Question 12

● Used in vein location, impedes venous blood flow but not
arterial blood flow in the area just below where the it is applied
→ You apply the it about ____ from
the site of puncture

Answer 12

tourniquet; 3 to 4 inches

Question 13

Tourniquets with Velcro and buckle closures
→ you don’t have to tie, you just have to pull it and then attach it to a velcro tape
→ non-latex tourniquet
→ used for patients who are allergic to latex

Answer 13

SERAKET

Question 14

used for veins that are difficult to locate. Inflated to 40 mmHg (Hg = mercury) pressure

Answer 14

Blood pressure cuffs

Question 15

means to inspect an organ by passing light through its walls
● Uses high-intensity LED lights that shine through the patient’s subcutaneous tissue to highlight the veins

Answer 15

Transillumination; TRANSILLUMINATOR DEVICES

Question 16

Common antiseptics used in phlebotomy:

Other special procedures will require a more sterile technique, wherein ___ or ____
(used for patients who are allergic to ___) are used

Answer 16

✓ 70% isopropyl alcohol
✓ 70% ethyl alcohol; iodine, chlorhexidine gluconate

Question 17

What is the order of draw:

Question 18

is a plastic shield that protects us from aerosols, mists, and sprays of blood when the stopper is removed.

Answer 18

Hemogard

Question 19

ADDITIVES are:

Answer 19

● Anticoagulants - will prevent clotting
● Clot activators - will promote clotting.
● Thixotropic gel
→ Polymer gels that separate cell components.
● Preservatives and inhibitors
→ helps maintain sample integrity by interfering with various cellular reactions.

Question 20

study types of tubes and their additives pg. 5