PMLS2_LEC1 Flashcards
Defined as the incision into a vein
Is one of the oldest medical procedures
dating back to the early Egyptians.
Phlebotomy
The practice of _____ was used to cure disease and maintain the body in a state of well-being.
bloodletting
He believed that disease was caused by an excess of body fluids, including ____, ____, and _____.
○ Removal of the excess would cause the body to return to or maintain a healthy state.
○ To treat a disease, excess blood must be
removed in the body.
Hippocrates; blood, bile, phlegm
Techniques for bloodletting used to include:
○ Suction cup
○ Application of leeches
○ Barber surgery
(1) devices with lancets that pulled blood from an incision
(2) Application of bloodsucking worms called_____
(3) blood from an incision produced by a barber’s razor was collected in a bleeding bowl.
(1) Suction cup
(2) leeches
(3) Barber surgery
symbolism of red and white striped barber pole
red blood, the white bandages, and the pole that the patients held onto during the procedure.
What timeline?
○ Authorities believed that phlebotomy dates
back to this point in time
○ Crude tools were used to puncture vessels and allow excess blood to drain out from the body
Last period of the stone age
What timeline?
○ Barber surgeons flourished.
○ Came to a point wherein a guild of barber surgeons divided the surgeons into 2.
Early in the Middle Ages
the ones tasked to do blood-letting, wound
surgery, cupping, leeching, shaving, tooth extraction and enema
administration.
Short-robed surgeons (to distinguish themselves, they placed a stripped pole, from which a bleeding bowl was suspended.)
2 types of barber surgeons:
■ Long-robed surgeons
■ Short-robed surgeons
What timeline?
○ The treatments were discredited when doctors finally admitted that depleting the body’s blood supply can be risky and doesn’t have many valuable health benefits.
○ It puts a patient at risk of having a cardiac arrest, losing too much blood, and can cause
dangerously low blood pressure in addition
to the possibility of infections and anemia.
Towards the end of the 19th century (During the same period, phlebotomy was also accomplished
by cupping and leeching.)
○ The art of _____ required a great deal of
practice to maintain a high degree of dexterity necessary to avoid appearing clumsy, and thus frightening the patient away.
○ involves the application of heated suction apparatus, called the cup, to the skin to draw the blood to the surface.
○ The capillaries in that area were severed by making a series of parallel incisions with a
lancet or fleam.
Cupping
Nowadays, the application of leeches in bloodletting is called____
therapeutic phlebotomy
_____comes from the latin words:
○ “vena” = _____
○ “sectio” = _____
means “an incision to the vein”
venesection; vein, cutting
Venesection is another word for ______, which
comes from the Greek words:
○ “phlebos” = ____
○ “tome” = ____
phlebotomy; vein, incision
● Bloodletting is now called _______, and it is used as a treatment for only a small number of blood disorders.
● It is performed using aseptic techniques and
equipment designed to minimize patient discomfort.
Therapeutic Phlebotomy
○ a disorder involving the overproduction of
red blood cells.
○ Opposite of anemia
Polycythemia vera
Phlebotomy is accomplished by one of two procedures:
- VENIPUNCTURE
- CAPILLARY PUNCTURE
● Involves collecting blood by penetrating a
vein with a needle and syringe or other collection apparatus
Venipuncture
● Involves collecting blood after puncturing the skin with a lancet.
Capillary puncture
Because of the increased number and complexity of laboratory tests, phlebotomy has become a specialized area of clinical laboratory practice, accompanied by the creation of a job
title:______
phlebotomist
The ______ are the faces of the laboratory.
phlebotomists
Trained to obtain blood specimens primarily by
venipuncture and capillary puncture.
Applied to any individual
who has been trained in the various techniques used to obtain blood for laboratory testing or blood donations.
Phlebotomist
Major traditional duties and responsibilities of a
phlebotomist include:
● Correct identification and preparation of the
patient before sample.
● Collection of the appropriate amount of blood by venipuncture or dermal puncture for the specified tests.
● Selection of the appropriate sample container for the specified tests.
● Correct labeling of all samples with the required information.
● Appropriate transportation of samples back to the
laboratory in a timely manner.
● Effective interaction with patients and hospital
personnel
● Processing of samples for delivery to the
appropriate laboratory departments.
● Performance of computer operations and record-keeping pertaining to phlebotomy.
● Observation of all safety regulations, quality control checks, and preventive maintenance procedures.
● Attendance at continuing education programs.
● Performing and monitoring point-of-care testing.
What characteristic?
○ Report to work whenever scheduled and on time.
○ Be willing to demonstrate your commitment to your job and your cooperation to assist fellow employees.
○ A committed phlebotomist attends staff meetings, reads pertinent memoranda, and observes the notices placed on bulletin boards or in newsletters.
DEPENDABLE, COOPERATIVE, COMMITTED
○ A smile and a cheerful tone of voice can put
a patient more at ease.
○ Courteous phlebotomists introduce
themselves to the patients before they
approach them
COMPASSIONATE, COURTEOUS, RESPECTFUL
○ A misidentified patient or mislabelled sample
can be critical to patient safety.
○ Patient confidentiality must be protected. Do
not discuss it with anyone who does not
have the professional need to know it.
○ Phlebotomists must demonstrate competence in the procedures they are
trained to perform.
INTEGRITY, HONESTY, COMPETENCE