PMHP Flashcards

1
Q

GDC Principles 1-5

A
  1. put patient interests first
  2. communicate effectively with patients
  3. obtain valid consent
  4. maintain and protect patients’ information
  5. have a clear and effective complaints procedure
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2
Q

GDC Principles 6-9

A
  1. work with colleagues in a way that is in patients’ best interest
  2. maintain, develop and work within your professional knowledge and skills
  3. raise concerns if patients are at risk
  4. make sure your personal behaviour maintains patients’ confidence in you and the dental profession
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3
Q

consent must be these 6 things

A
voluntary 
still valid 
specific to treatment 
appropriately informed 
have capacity 
no pressure or coercion
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4
Q

5 factors of capacity

A
ability to decide 
to make a reasoned decision 
ability to understand 
will later remember 
ability to communicate
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5
Q

what changes at age 16

A

presumption of capacity from age 16 unless proven otherwise

parental responsibility ends at age 16

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6
Q

when is consent not required

A
  1. emergency clinical setting
  2. treatment must be least restrictive of patient’s choices
  3. continue to provide care if incapacitated then explain to them once capacity regained
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7
Q

consent can be

A

implied or explicit

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8
Q

implicit consent

A

sufficient for minor procedures

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9
Q

explicit consent

A

required for major or invasive procedures

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10
Q

when do you need written consent

A

for GA or conscious sedation - written consent must be filed safely and pre treatment steps must be recorded also

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11
Q

causes for complaint

A
deficiency in clinical standard
confidentiality breach 
consent not obtained 
lack of professionalism 
inappropriate conduct
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12
Q

negligence

A

the omission to do something which a reasonable practitioner would do, or doing something which a reasonable practitioner would not do

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13
Q

clinical negligence

A
  1. dentist owed a duty of care
  2. that duty/standard of care was breached
  3. this caused/materially contributed to damage
  4. this damage was reasonably foreseeable and have negative consequences and effects
    * all of the above must be met for it to be considered true negligence
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14
Q

dental fear

A

normal reaction to threatening stimuli in dental environment

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15
Q

dental anxiety

A

sense of apprehension that something dreadful is about to happen and sense of loss of control

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16
Q

dental phobia

A

severe anxiety manifested by reaction to objects / procedures e.g. LA or sound of handpiece

17
Q

aetiology of dental anxiety

A
negative experiences 
family/peers
media representation of dentistry 
expectation of pain/discomfort 
poor knowledge of modern analgesia
18
Q

dental anxiety treatment

A

anxiety diminishing style - acknowledge their anxiety / gain trust / realistic info / prove predictability
specific pharmacological support - benzodiazepine / nitrous oxide sedation
coping strategies - distraction / relaxation

19
Q

dental health problems - depression

A

low mood / anhedonia / lethargy

neglectful OH, tricyclic antidepressants = xerostomia, poor immune system = increased chance of periodontal disease

severe = poorer OH, higher incidence of edentulism, comfort eating so higher sugar intake

20
Q

dental health problems - anxiety

A

high corticosteroid problems - prone to getting acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis
lower tooth brushing frequency
hyposalivation common

21
Q

dental health problems - stress

A

either constriction or dilation of salivary ducts
constriction - plaque build up
dilation - salivary derived calculus
TMD often present, myofacial pain syndrome, bruxism

22
Q

dental health problems - anorexia nervosa + bulimia

A

AN - intentional restriction of food and increased exercise

B - Russel’s signs of calloused hands from vomiting and lingual erosion of teeth

23
Q

dental health problems - burning mouth syndrome

A

burning sensation of oral mucosa (tongue, hard palate, lips), xerostomia, may be post-menopausal

globus hystericus - mental perception of having a lump in the throat
often present with anxiety and depression
CBT helps