PLT Flashcards
Vygotsky says what about culture?
Culture dictates what we learn and how
Zone of Proximal Development
discrepancy between mental age and level of problem solving with assistance
Stage one of Vygotsky’s speech development
Social Speech: speech to control the behaviors of other
Stage two of Vygotsky’s speech development
Egocentric speech: self-talk to learn
Stage three of Vygotsky’s speech development
Inner Speech: thinking in one’s head
Physiological needs is what stage in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? What does it entail?
Stage one, these are biological requirements for human survival
Safety needs is what stage in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? What does it entail?
Stage two, people want to experience order, predictability, and control in their lives.
love and belongingness needs is what stage in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? What does it entail?
Stage three, a human emotional need for interpersonal relationships, affiliating, connectedness, and being part of a group.
Esteem needs is what stage in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? What does it entail?
Stage four, self-worth, accomplishment, and respect.
Self-actualization needs is what stage in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? What does it entail?
Stage five, refers to the realization of a person’s potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth, and peak experiences.
Maslow’s Deficiency needs
love needs, physiological needs, and safety needs. Deficiency needs arise due to deprivation and are said to motivate people when they are unmet.
Maslow’s Growth needs
self-esteem needs, self-actualization needs. Growth needs stem from a desire to grow as a person and are achieved through intellectual and creative behaviors.
Bruner’s theory
Learners go from a tangible, action-oriented stage of learning to a symbolic and abstract stage of learning (build new knowledge upon knowledge already learned
Bruner’s first mode of representation
Enactive representation (0-1 year): action-based
Bruner’s second mode of representation
Iconic representation (1-6 years): image based
Bruner’s third mode of representation
Symbolic representation (7 years +): language based
Bruner’s readiness
Teachers should not base what a child learns on their cognitive stage of development
Bruner’s Spiral Curriculum
Structuring the learning of information so that complex ideas can be taught at a simplified level first, the re-visited at complex levels later on
Bruner’s Discovery learning
Learners construct their own knowledge and do this by organizing and categorizing information using a coding system (construct their knowledge for themselves)
Bruner’s role of a teacher
Facilitate the learning process by giving students the information they need without organizing it for them
Bruner’s Scaffolding
The steps taken to reduce the degrees of freedom in carrying out some tasks so that the child can concentrate on the difficult skills
Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory
People are not born with all of the intelligence they will ever have
Gardner’s linguistic intelligence
Word-smart, strength with written and spoken language
Gardner’s Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
Number/reasoning smart, Strength with numbers and abstract problems