Pleural Effusion Flashcards
Pleural space is a potential space normally containing about ….ml?
2-5 ml fluid
the rate of formation of pleural fluid may be increased by?
- increasing hydrostatic pressure- in left sided heart failure
- decreasing colloid osmotic pressure- as in hypoproteniemia
- increasing capillary permeability- disruption of membrane in pneumonia, dengue
Decubitus views of the chest can demonstrate efussions as small as ..to .. mL?
15 to 20 mL
when the hemithorax in an adult contains about _ of fluid the entire hemithorax is opacified.
2 liters
bandlike area of increased density along the inner margin of the chest cage on the dependent side of the body
pleural effusion seen in decubitus position
Blunting of the posterior costophrenic sulcus occurs with approximately __ fluid?
75 mL
blunting of the lateral costophrenic angle occurs when effusion reaches about ___ fluid?
250 to 300 mL
scarring sometimes produces a characteristic ___ appearance of blunting unlike meniscoid appearance of pleural effusion
ski-slope appearance
plueral fluid appears to rise higher along the lateral margins of the thorax than it does medially this produces a characteristic shape___
meniscus shape
Subpulmonic effusions
effusions collect beneath the lung between the parietal pleura lining the diaphragm and the visceral pleura of the lower lobe.
Loculated effusions
due to adhesions in the pleural space limiting the normal mobility of a pleural effsion
Pseudotumors/vanishing tumors
collection of pleural fluid contained in between the layes of the interlobar pulmonary fissure or subpleural location just beneath the fissure, lenticular in shape, most in the minor fissure, have pointed ends
Laminar effusions
thin bandlike density along the lateral chest wall, especialy near the costophrenic angle.
the presence of both air in the pleural space and abnormal amounts of fluid in the pleural space. presence of air-fluid level in the hemithorax
hydropneumothorax
