platyhelminthes, annelida and nematodes

Question 1

what are the key characteristics of worms

Answer 1

bilaterally symmetrical
triploblasts

Question 2

What kind of worms are platyhelminthes?

Answer 2

Flatworms

Question 3

how do platyhelminthes excrete?

Answer 3

via flame cells

Question 4

how do platyhelminthes respire?

Answer 4

just through diffusion

Question 5

What are the classes of platyhelminthes?

Answer 5

turbellaria, monogenea, trematodes and cestoda

Question 6

is the class tubellaria parasitic or free living?

Answer 6

mostly free living

Question 7

are tubellaria aquatic or terrestrial?

Answer 7

both

Question 8

is tubellaria predators or scavengers?

Answer 8

can be either

Question 9

what kind of eyes and mouth do tubellaria have?

Answer 9

they have ocelli and a pharynx (eating tube) often in the middle of the worm

Question 10

how big are tubellaria?

Answer 10

1mm to 50mm in size

Question 11

what are the main characteristics of the class monogenea?

Answer 11

they are ectoparasites of fish
small
hook attachment organ on rear
simple life cycle with only one host

Question 12

what are the main features of the class trematodes?

Answer 12

parasitic flukes
endoparasites
liver, lung, intestines, blood
complex lifestyles with 2 or more hosts
hooks at mouth and underside of worm

Question 13

how do they make their lifecycle continue?

Answer 13

they manipulate host behaviour

Question 14

what is the class cestoda?

Answer 14

tapeworms

Question 15

what are the features of the class cestoda?

Answer 15

can be found in beef, pork and fish
no digestive system
attach via scolex
medium complexity in lifecycle

Question 16

what are proglottids and which class can you find them in?

Answer 16

they are segments of cestoda that are like packages of reproductive organs that are excreted in feces so the lifecycle restarts

Question 17

what phylum are segmented worms, bristle worms and leeches?

Answer 17

annelida

Question 18

Of the annelida phylum, what does it mean to have a metameric body?

Answer 18

a serial repition of functional units that make up the body that are all very similar

Question 19

do annelids have circulatory, respiratory, nervous and excretory systems?

Answer 19

yes all of them

Question 20

What is a hydrostatic skeleton and which phylum does it belong to?

Answer 20

annelida
a hydrostatic skeleton is a fluid filled coelum, and with the combination of longitudinal and circular muscles contracting against the fluid in the coelum assists these animals in movement

Question 21

What are setae in annelida?

Answer 21

little hairs on the outside of the body made of chitin that assist in movement by gaining traction on surfaces

Question 22

what phylum are the classes polychaeta and clitellata?

Answer 22

annelida

Question 23

what are polchaeta and what do they do?

Answer 23

they are bristle worms
mostly marine
they are mobile predators or filter feeders
well-defined heads
parapodia

Question 24

what worms are included in the clitellia class?

Answer 24

earthworms and leeches

Question 25

what is clitellum?

Answer 25

a thickening of the epidermis at female genital pores that secrete egg cocoons

Question 26

do clitellia have setae?

Answer 26

yes, but reduced in comparison to polychaeta

Question 27

how do clitellum reproduce?

Answer 27

they are hermaphrodites, so both worms give and receive sperm

Question 28

what suckers do leeches have?

Answer 28

posterior and anterior

Question 29

do leeches have coelomic compartments?

Answer 29

no they’d ont

Question 30

what kind of feeding style do leeches have

Answer 30

carnivorous, detritivores or parasites

Question 31

are nematodes ecdyzoans?

Answer 31

yes they have a cuticle that sheds when they grow

Question 32

what kind of muscles do nematodes have?

Answer 32

only longitudinal

Question 33

do nematodes have a ganglia and nerve cords

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

what kind of digestive system do nematodes have?

Answer 34

a complete one

Question 35

are nematodes parasitic?

Answer 35

yes

Question 36

are nematodes dioecious?

Answer 36

yes, the males are smaller than females

Question 37

Are platyhelminthes free-living or parasitic?

Answer 37

they are both

Question 38

How do platyhelminthes respire and what repiratory organs do they have?

Answer 38

They have no respiratory organs oxygen diffuses in and out.

Question 39

Recall cephalisation in platyhelminthes

Answer 39

They do have cephalisation. They have a ganglia and nerve cords.

Question 40

describe the gut of platyhelminthes

Answer 40

incomplete

Question 41

How do Platyhelminthes excrete?

Answer 41

Via flame cells