Plato and Aristotle

Question 1

Plato advocated for…

Answer 1

adult education and class divisions

Question 2

Who was a disciple of whom?

Answer 2

Aristotle was a disciple of Plato

Question 3

Plato and Aristotle advanced the outlook that

Answer 3

rational argument and inquiry were the key to the establishment of an ideal type of government and politics in society

Question 4

They both rejected…?

Answer 4

the use of violence as a means of finding resolutions in the affairs of human beings

Question 5

Plato an Aristotle attempted to try and learn..?

Answer 5

how to tame both human beings and nature

Question 6

Why did Plato and Aristotle place human beings at the highest level of the animal world?

Answer 6

because they possess the power of speech and reasoning and by virtue of the fact can organize their activities on the basis of thought

Question 7

Plato was a student of ?

Answer 7

Socrates

Question 8

P & S both believed

Answer 8

in the application of reason and rational inquiry as the key to the establishment of a good life

Question 9

What is meant by the term philosopher Kings?

Answer 9

rulers who had both the breeding and the aptitude to be prepared for the task of ruling

Question 10

In crafting of the philosopher king the ruling class had to…?

Answer 10

• selectively breed
• prepare future rulers with relevant continuous education
• ensure they acquire the right qualities of a leader (wisdom, leadership, governance)

Question 11

What is more important for Plato & Aristotle? Virtue or Popularity?

Answer 11

Virtue

Question 12

Plato’s class structure was based on?

Answer 12

his threefold division of the soul

Question 13

The soul was divided into 3 parts ?

Answer 13

• The rational (gives guidance)
• the spirited (gives animation to thought)
• the appetitive (expresses desires)

Question 14

His division of society saw it divided into

Answer 14

the ruling class 
the soldier-administrative class
 and the producer class

Question 15

What was the chief difference between the ruling class and the producer class?

Answer 15

political wisdom and the technical knowledge

Question 16

What was Aristotle’s best form of government and why?

Answer 16

Monarchy because it consisted of the best ruler absolutely who would rule in the interests of the society

Question 17

What was his 2nd preference of Government?

Answer 17

Aristocracy which would consist of the best persons absolutely who would rule in the best interest of society

Question 18

What is meant by constitutional government or “polity”

Answer 18

a compromise between the wealth of the rich and the freedom of the poor

Question 19

What are the true and perverse forms of government according to Aristotle?

Answer 19

Monarchy - Tyranny
Aristocracy - Oligarchy
Constitutional government - democracy

Question 20

What was Aristotle’s chief theory about the state?

Answer 20

it is a community and that it is the highest of all communities

Question 21

The state is the highest community because of?

Answer 21

the evolution of human beings

Logic

Question 22

As far as law and order in the state are concerned Aristotle argued…?

Answer 22

that it was better to apply a single principle (the rule of law) to all, than to trust the judgement of any single individual in the application of the law